Open Source & Freedom

Exim in Debian

2011-08-04T04:27:00.011+06:00

I was trying to configure Exim4 in debian for receiving and sending email occasionally.

First I have setup account in dyndns.com for my dynamic public IP.

#dpkg-reconfigure exim4-config

General type of mail configuration:  internet site; mail is sent and received directly using SMTP.

System mail name: yourdomain.com

IP-addresses to listen on for incomming SMTP connections: // leave blank 

Other destinations for which mail is accepted: yourdomain.com

Domains to relay mail for: // leave blank

Machines to relay mail for: // leave blank

Keep number of DNS-queries minimal (Dial-on-Demand) ?: No

Delivery method for local mail: Maildir format in home directory

Split configuration into small files ? : No

You can add new account in Evolution mail as "maildir", sending SMTP localhost. done.....

If you face problem while sending mail, you might be interested to configure SMTP relay:
http://wiki.debian.org/GmailAndExim4

TLS and Authentication

Generate a certificate using:
#bash /usr/share/doc/exim4-base/examples/exim-gencert

It will generate exim.crt and exim.key in /etc/exim4/
You may simply copy certificates if you have bought it earlier.

#cd /etc/exim4

#vi exim4.conf.template 

add the following line
MAIN_TLS_ENABLE = yes

before
.ifdef MAIN_TLS_ENABLE

To verify TLS we are installing diagnostic tool:

# apt-get install swaks libnet-ssleay-perl

Test the connection:

$ swaks -a -tls -q HELO -s localhost -au your_user -ap '<>'
=== Trying localhost:25...
=== Connected to localhost.
<- 220 debianwb ESMTP Exim 4.76 Thu, 04 Aug 2011 14:22:02 +0600
-> EHLO debianwb
<- 250-debianwb Hello localhost [127.0.0.1]
<- 250-SIZE 52428800
<- 250-PIPELINING
<- 250-STARTTLS
<- 250 HELP
-> STARTTLS
<- 220 TLS go ahead
=== TLS started w/ cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
~> EHLO debianwb
<~ 250-debianwb Hello localhost [127.0.0.1]
<~ 250-SIZE 52428800
<~ 250-PIPELINING
<~ 250 HELP
~> QUIT
<~ 221 evie closing connection

We were sending an empty pass while testing swaks.
Now, we will add authentication schema.
For the shell users we are using SASL, which uses PAM for password authentication.

#apt-get install sasl2-bin

To enable:
#vi /etc/default/saslauthd

START=yes

start the deamon
#/etc/init.d/saslauthd start

#vi /etc/exim4/exim4.conf
Un-comment the following line authentication via saslauthd:

plain_saslauthd_server:
   driver = plaintext
   public_name = PLAIN
   server_condition = ${if saslauthd{{$auth2}{$auth3}}{1}{0}}
   server_set_id = $auth2
   server_prompts = :
   .ifndef AUTH_SERVER_ALLOW_NOTLS_PASSWORDS
   server_advertise_condition = ${if eq{$tls_cipher}{}{}{*}}
   .endif

Add exim to sasl group

#adduser Debian-exim sasl

Test the connection using your username:
#swaks -a -tls -q AUTH -s localhost -au your_user
Password:

you may need to add

#vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 your_domain

Enableing IMAP access:

#apt-get install courier-imap courier-imap-ssl
Create directories for web-based administration -> No

You may install "File Access Monitor" daemon to check other folders beside Inbox:

# apt-get install fam

Check this link for details information.

Optionally you can check for X.509 Certificate:

# vi /etc/courier/imapd.cnf

If you do not want to use the default certificate, after edit the imapd.cnf, you may generate using:

# mkimapdcert

If you are behind a router, forward port 25, 143, 706, 993 to your server.

source:
http://blog.edseek.com/~jasonb/articles/exim4_courier/index.html
http://pkg-exim4.alioth.debian.org/README/README.Debian.html
http://library.linode.com/email/exim/send-only-mta-debian-6-squeeze
http://koivi.com/exim4-config/

secure wipe

2011-08-03T13:38:00.000+06:00

#apt-get install secure-delete

It will provide the following tools for secure wiping:

/usr/bin/srm
/usr/bin/sfill
/usr/bin/sswap
/usr/bin/sdmem

srm - secure remove (secure_deletion toolkit)

$srm file_name
$srm -r folder_name

There is already another tool "shred" comes with "coreutils" package in Debian:
coreutils - GNU core utilities

/usr/bin/shred

shred - overwrite a file to hide its contents, and optionally delete it

$shred file_name

sfill - secure free disk and inode space wiper (secure_deletion toolkit)

#sfill /mount_point/

sswap - secure swap wiper (secure_deletion toolkit)

Turn off swap first :

#swapoff /dev/sdaX
or
#swapoff -a //to turn off all swap

Now run sswap:

#sswap /dev/sdaX

sdmem - secure memory wiper (secure_deletion toolkit)

There is some limitation of these tools.
Please use manual pages of individual package for details information.

Bandwidth Control in Linux

2011-03-17T15:52:00.004+06:00

There are several ways to control / shape / manage bandwidth in Linux.

Simple approach. Install wondershaper:

#apt-get install wondershaper

Configure it using kilobits (change eth1 according to yours):
from manual "wondershaper [ interface ] [ downlink ] [ uplink ]"

#wondershaper eth1 2048 2048

If you want to clear simply run:

#wondershaper clear eth1

We will control the bandwidth using a tool "tc", which is a part of "iproute" package in Debian.

tc - show / manipulate traffic control settings

Simple, classless Queueing Disciplines:

The Token Bucket Filter (TBF) - Simple and easy, for slowing an interface down.

qdisc - queuing discipline
latency - number of bytes that can be queued waiting for tokens to become available.
burst - Size of the bucket, in bytes.
rate - speedknob

#tc qdisc add dev eth1 root tbf rate 220kbit latency 50ms burst 1540

click here for more information on TBF.

Stochastic Fairness Queueing (SFQ) - round robin type, provide each session the chance to send data in turn. It changes its hashing algorithm within an interval.

qdisc - queuing discipline
perturb - Reconfigure hashing once this many seconds.

#tc qdisc add dev eth1 root sfq perturb 10

click here for more information on SFQ.

To check the status run:

#tc -s -d qdisc show dev eth1

To remove it:

#tc qdisc del dev eth1 root

Classful Queueing Disciplines:

CBQ (Class Based Queueing) - A Classful Queueing
HTB - Another classful Queueing. (we will use it.)

Example classful qdisc

Let assume we want to create some rules for a small office using HTB.
eth0 - external interface - PUBLIC_IP
eth1 - internal interface - LOCAL_IP
Email will get the highest priority
General/Other will get the medium priority.
Video streaming will get the lowest priority.

Creating root 1: and 1:1 using HTB (default 6 means follow 1:6 if no rule matched)

#tc qdisc add dev eth1 root handle 1: htb default 6
#tc class add dev eth1 parent 1: classid 1:1 htb rate 2mbit ceil 2mbit

Creating leaf class 1:5 (prio represents priority, and 0 means high priority)

#tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:5 htb rate 1mbit ceil 1.5mbit
#tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 0 u32 match ip src YOUR_MAIL_SERVER_IP/32 flowid 1:5
#tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 0 u32 match ip sport 22 0xffff flowid 1:5

Creating leaf class 1:6 (It is set as default in root qdisc, so we are not setting any rules)

#tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:6 htb rate 0.5mbit ceil 1.5mbit

Creating leaf class 1:7 (use /32 for specific IP, /24 for that series. Priority low - prio 5. You can get the IP address using "iptraf" tool)

#tc class add dev eth1 parent 1:1 classid 1:7 htb rate 0.2mbit ceil 1mbit
#tc filter add dev eth1 protocol ip parent 1:0 prio 5 u32 match ip src VIDEO_STREAM_IP/32 flowid 1:7

Optionally we can also add discipline with leaf (for an example we are adding SFQ with leaf class 1:5)

#tc qdisc add dev eth1 parent 1:5 handle 20: sfq perturb 10

To remove it:

#tc qdisc del dev eth1 root handle 1: htb

Click here for more information on HTB.

This document is written to describe a basic of bandwidth controlling/shaping for the new users. Please check the details documentation for advance options.

source:
http://lartc.org/howto/index.html
http://www.opalsoft.net/qos/DS.htm
http://blog.edseek.com/~jasonb/articles/traffic_shaping/index.html
HTB user guide:
http://luxik.cdi.cz/~devik/qos/htb/manual/userg.htm
Filter:
http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.qdisc.filters.html
http://linux-ip.net/articles/Traffic-Control-HOWTO/index.html

FreeBSD with Debian GRUB

2011-03-11T20:53:00.000+06:00

I have installed FreeBSD 8.2 amd64 in my PC for testing.

If you want to boot FreeBSD using GRUB, simply edit

/etc/grub.d/40_customized

In the other section add the following line:
(change the partition according to yours)

menuentry 'FreeBSD 8.2 amd64' {
set root='(hd0,X)'
chainloader +1
}

Update the grub.cfg

#update-grub

FreeBSD should appear in your grub menu while booting...

Encrypted folder in Linux

2011-03-04T03:04:00.002+06:00

We are using EncFS. It provides an encrypted filesystem in user-space.

You may need to load fuse module:

#modprobe fuse

Install encfs:

#apt-get install encfs

Optionally you may install (EncFS system tray applet for GNOME):

#apt-get install cryptkeeper

encfs [options] rootDir mountPoint
Here I am creating a root folder name encrypt for storing encrypted files.
Also creating a mount point folder named decrypt, which we will use to read/write files.

$encfs ~/.encrypt ~/decrypt

It will ask permission for creating the directory - type y here.
Now, it will ask for expert or pre-configured mode - use pre-configured - type p here.

It will ask for a password. Use a secure password here.

done! now you can use decrypt folder as an encrypted folder.

The actual data will be stored under .encrypt folder, and will be available via decrypt folder after mounting via encfs.

You may unmount it using:

$fusermount -u ~/decrypt

source:
http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/204
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=148600

Encrypted partition in Linux

2011-03-04T01:38:00.000+06:00

To create encrypted disks we are using cryptsetup

#apt-get install cryptsetup

Backup your data and optionally clean it:

#shred -n1 -v /dev/sdaX

Initializes a LUKS partition (warning!):

#cryptsetup luksFormat /dev/sdaX

Type "YES". It will ask for a password for filesystem. Use a secure password, otherwise encryption wont help you.
There is other options for securing. Check the cryptsetup manual for details.

Open and sets up a mapping for LUKS partition:

#cryptsetup luksOpen /dev/sdaX your_map_name

Format the LUKS partition using the mapping:

#mkfs.ext3 /dev/mapper/your_map_name

Now you can mount it:

#mount /dev/mapper/your_map_name /mnt/your_mount_name

Optionally you can umount and (removes mapping) lock the LUKS again:

#umount /mnt/your_mount_name
#cryptsetup luksClose your_map_name

I have tested this in Debian 6.0.0.
You may need to load module (optionally you may add in /etc/modules):

modprobe dm_mod

Edit /etc/crypttab

# <target name=""> <source device=""> <key file=""> <options>
your_map_name /dev/sdaX none luks

Edit /etc/fstab

# <file system=""> <mount point="">nbsp; <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
/dev/mapper/your_map_name /mnt/your_mount_name ext3 user,auto 0 0

You can reboot. It will ask for the password while booting.

source:
http://www.debian-administration.org/article/Encrypting_an_existing_Debian_lenny_installation
http://www.enterprisenetworkingplanet.com/netsecur/article.php/3683011/Protect-Your-Stuff-With-Encrypted-Linux-Partitions.htm
http://www.linuxconfig.org/Partition_Encryption

MoinMoin in DreamHost

2011-02-19T14:32:00.015+06:00

I have tested using moin-1.9.3.tar.gz in DreamHost.
You have to enable Passenger in your domain.

Download MoinMoin from:
http://moinmo.in/

Documentation (specially check the Server Installation part):
http://master19.moinmo.in/InstallDocs

1. ssh to your server, and download moin using wget.

2. Extract it:

tar -zxvf moin-1.9.3.tar.gz

3. Run setup script

cd moin-1.9.3
python setup.py --quiet install --prefix=$HOME --record=install.log

4. Check the install.log using emacs or nano for the python version it is using.

emacs install.log
...
/home/youraccount/lib/python2.5/site-packages/...
...

5. Edit the moin.cgi (it would be easy, if you start another ssh shell in the server)

find -name moin.cgi //if you want to find it yourself.
$HOME/share/moin/server/moin.cgi

emacs $HOME/share/moin/server/moin.cgi

Make the following changes

# a1) Path of the directory where the MoinMoin code package is located.
#     Needed if you installed with --prefix=PREFIX or you didn't use setup.py.
~~#sys.path.insert(0, 'PREFIX/lib/python2.3/site-packages')~~

# a2) Path of the directory where wikiconfig.py / farmconfig.py is located.
#     See wiki/config/... for some sample config files.
~~#sys.path.insert(0, '/path/to/wikiconfigdir')~~
===================================================

# a1) Path of the directory where the MoinMoin code package is located.
#     Needed if you installed with --prefix=PREFIX or you didn't use setup.py.
sys.path.insert(0, '/home/youraccount/lib/python2.5/site-packages')

# a2) Path of the directory where wikiconfig.py / farmconfig.py is located.
#     See wiki/config/... for some sample config files.
sys.path.insert(0, '/home/youraccount/moin/config')

you can verify this location using another shell while editing.

6. This example is designed for single wiki
create this directory $HOME/moin/config/

cd $HOME/moin/config
cp $HOME/share/moin/config/wikiconfig.py .
cp -r $HOME/share/moin/data/ .
cp -r $HOME/share/moin/underlay/ .

7. Edit wikiconfig.py in $HOME/moin/config/

emacs wikiconfig.py

maka the following changes

# If that's not true, feel free to just set instance_dir to the real path
# where data/ and underlay/ is located:
~~#instance_dir = '/where/ever/your/instance/is'~~
~~instance_dir = wikiconfig_dir~~

# If that's not true, feel free to just set instance_dir to the real path
# where data/ and underlay/ is located:
instance_dir = '/home/youraccount/moin/config'
#instance_dir = wikiconfig_dir

Change the sitename if you want to change your wiki name.

8. Copy /home/youraccount/share/moin/server/moin.cgi to your public folder, and rename it to wiki.cgi
or
create a file wiki.cgi in your public folder. Softlink did not work for me, so lets call the moin.cgi using another python script.

#!/usr/bin/python
import os
os.system('python /home/youraccount/share/moin/server/moin.cgi')

9. now you need to link the htdocs for css and images.

cd $HOME
find -name htdocs //if you want to find it yourself
(I have found in the following location.)
./lib/python2.5/site-packages/MoinMoin/web/static/htdocs

change directory to your public folder.
create a symbolic link of htdocs in your public folder.

ln -s $HOME/lib/python2.5/site-packages/MoinMoin/web/static/htdocs .
mv htdocs moin_static193 //change the softlink name. This is important

You can always use your custom directory names, but in that case you have to edit the configuration file. This example is written for a simple installation of MoinMoin.

Using a browser open:
http://yourdomain.com/wiki.cgi

If you can see the wiki, you have successfully setup the MoinMoin.
Now, start customizing it by editing the config files.

To avoid the *.cgi you may add the following lines in your .htaccess file

ReWriteEngine on
ReWriteRule ^wiki$ wiki/
ReWriteRule ^wiki(/.*) wiki.cgi$1
RequestHeader set X-Moin-Location /wiki

Now use it as:
http://yourdomain.com/wiki/

10. Optional mail configuration:

emacs $HOME/moin/config/wikiconfig.py

# Mail --------------------------------------------------------------
...
    mail_smarthost = "mail.yourdomain.com"
    mail_from = u"Your Wiki <noreplay@yourdomain.com>"
    mail_login = "auth-email@yourdomain.com email-pass"
...

optionally you may add noreplay@yourdomain.com as "Garbage Email" from dreamhost panel. It will delete mail without bounce.

src:
http://wiki.dreamhost.com/MoinMoin
http://mitch.contlafamily.com/wiki/HOWTO/Install_MoinMoin_On_Dreamhost

Samsung ML-1666 printer in Linux

2010-11-09T18:47:00.000+06:00

Samsung ML-1666

Unfortunately, splix does not support this model. So, you have to download Linux driver from: Samsung Website

You can either run their automated installer or install it manually.
I prefer manual installation because, automated installer install many unnecessary tools in my system.

1. locate the ML-1660 from the Unified driver PPD while adding printer:

/cdroot/Linux/noarch/at_opt/share/ppd/ML-1660spl.ppd

2.Copy the filter, depending on your system (32bit or 64bit):

/cdroot/Linux/x86_64/at_root/usr/lib64/cups/filter/rastertosamsungspl --> /usr/lib/cups/filter/

3. You may need to install libtiff and splix or may try to modify the ML-1660.ppd for splix support. But, be inform that, from splix website "Splix won't support old SPL(1) printers."

Multiple Internet connection in Linux

2010-08-09T03:39:00.028+06:00

I was facing trouble to use EDGE/GPRS (ppp) with another Ethernet connection together.
Ethernet connection was used for local network.

# ip route show
10.64.64.64 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 10.130.4.218
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.2 metric 1
default via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 proto static

ppp connected but still default route is eth0. To use the ppp connection as default

# ip route change default via 10.64.64.64 dev ppp0

You will find

# ip route show
10.64.64.64 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 10.130.4.218
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.2 metric 1
default via 10.64.64.64 dev ppp0

remember you may need to set the nameserver (edit the /etc/resolv.conf).

On the other hand you may have 2 default connection settings:

# ip route show
10.64.64.64 dev ppp0 proto kernel scope link src 10.130.130.252
192.168.1.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.1
172.16.0.0/16 dev eth1 proto kernel scope link src 172.16.8.69
default via 172.16.8.1 dev eth1
default via 10.64.64.64 dev ppp0 proto static

I mainly want to use ppp0, so I am removing the eth1 from default list:

#ip route del default via 172.16.8.1

If you want to use multiple uplinks/providers:
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Adv-Routing-HOWTO/lartc.rpdb.multiple-links.html
http://lartc.org/howto/lartc.rpdb.multiple-links.html

example:

#ip route change default scope global nexthop via 10.64.64.64 dev ppp0 weight 2 nexthop via 192.168.1.1 dev eth0 weight 1

Install "iptraf", which is an useful tool for analysis:

#apt-get install iptraf

You can also define any IP address to use specific connection.
This might helpful if you want to listen on-line radio without interrupting your main work.

I am specifying an IP address for listening an on-line radio station by using a backup slow connection via eth1:

#ip route add 85.xx.174.181 via 172.16.8.1 dev eth1

-enjoy

Antiderivative to find Area

2010-06-19T22:43:00.015+06:00

"Why should I apply Antiderivative to find area of a function ?"

It might seems a very silly question, but I was searching for a solution.
I got some idea from Wikipedia Fundamental theorem of calculus , but still I was looking for example.

At last, I have found answer from these:

1. Area function f(x) = 2 within interval [a,x] = [-1,x]

Let assume, the distance of the rectangle from 0 is x.
Total Length of the rectangle will be x+1 over x-axis and width is 2.

Area = length * width

A(x) = 2(x+1) = 2x + 2

Derivative of A(x) is:
A^/(x) = 2 = f(x)

2. Area function f(x) =x+1 within interval [a,x] = [-1,x]

Triangle Area = 1/2 * base * height

A(x) = 1/2 (x+1)(x+1) = x²/2 + x + 1/2

Derivative of A(x) is:
A^/(x) = x + 1 = f(x)

3. Area function f(x) = 2x+3 within interval [a,x] = [-1,x]

Trapezoid Area = 1/2 * h * (a+b)

h = heigh
a,b is the parallel sides lengths.

A(x) = 1/2 (x+1)((2x+3)+1) = x² + 3x + 2

Derivative of A(x) is:
A^/(x) = 2x + 3 = f(x)

Result:
This is not only valid for linear function, but also for continuous function.
To find the area of a function we can simply apply antidifferentiation.

A(x) representing the area
A^/(x) representing the area function.

If we know the area function A^/(x) we can get the area by antidifferentiation which will provide us A(x) (area of the function).

Powered by gnuplot

Source:
Calculus - Early Transcendentals by Anton, Bivens, Davis.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_calculus#Geometric_intuition
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectangle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangle
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapezoid

Debian Kiosk

2010-04-12T14:02:00.001+06:00

I have configured a kiosk using Debian GNU/Linux with blackbox window manager.

The challenges:
1. Touchscreen configuration.
2. Autometic login and start X server.
3. Start desired application for kiosk.
4. A boot splash for booting and shutdown.

1. Touchscreen configuration:
First, setup touchscreen driver and configure it according to your device specification.
I was using eGalax driver, which I have downloaded from
source: http://home.eeti.com.tw/web20/eg/drivers.htm

2. Automatic login:
Edit /etc/inittab and comment the following line:

#1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1

add the following line below:

1:2345:respawn:/bin/login -f USER_LOGIN tty1 /dev/tty1 2>&1

Edit .bash_profile (create if require) and add the following line at bottom:

startx

source: http://www.debianadmin.com/how-to-auto-login-and-startx-without-a-display-manager-in-debian.html

Blackbox window manager:
Edit ~/.xinitrc (or ~/.Xsession), create if require, and add the following line:

exec blackbox

3. Autostart application:
To autostart iceweasel/firefox:
Again edit ~/.xinitrc (or ~/.Xsession) and add the following line:

firefox &
exec blackbox

source: http://blackboxwm.sourceforge.net/BlackboxFAQ/StartupAndShutdown

Install iceweasel/firefox plugin "R-kiosk" from https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/1659

3. Bootsplash:
Install a bootsplash

apt-get install splashy

Create your own bootsplash and set it

# splashy_config -c

To enable splashy, you may need to edit grub.config and add the following after "kernel...ro quiet"

vga=791 splash

source: http://splashy.alioth.debian.org/wiki/faq

Tips and tricks:
"X: user not authorized to run the X server"
You can allow the user to use run startx by:

#dpkg-reconfigure x11-common

or edit /etc/X11/Xwrapper.config

allowed_users=anybody

"Auto login problem"
If you have setup GDM (XDM) earlier, then you need to disable it for automatic log in

#update-rc.d -f gdm remove

If you want to enable it simply run (experiment purpose):

#update-rc.d -f gdm defaults

source: http://www.debianadmin.com/howto-boot-debian-in-text-mode-instead-of-graphical-mode-gui.html

Kiosk performance tuning:
Install the CPU frequency related tools and configure it.
details: http://wiki.debian.org/HowTo/CpuFrequencyScaling

resources:
http://www.debianadmin.com/debirf-build-a-kernel-and-initrd-to-run-debian-from-ram.html
http://cmrg.fifthhorseman.net/wiki/debirf

Custom Font Example iPhone

2010-04-02T21:49:00.007+06:00

An example for using custom font in iPhone.

Initially, I have tried with UIFont for using custom font, but it seems not possible.

Documents from apple:
http://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/documentation/GraphicsImaging/Reference/CGFont/Reference/reference.html

Create custom font using CGDataProvider:

NSString *fontPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"CUSTOM_FONT" ofType:@"ttf"];

CGDataProviderRef fontDataProvider = CGDataProviderCreateWithFilename([fontPath UTF8String]); CGFontRef customFont = CGFontCreateWithDataProvider(fontDataProvider);

Use the font:

CGContextSetFont(context, customFont);

CGContextSetFontSize(context, 34.0);

CGContextSetTextDrawingMode(context, kCGTextFill);

//http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=569311

//http://www.waterworld.com.hk/en/node/157

CGGlyph textToPrint[[mainString length]];

// Loop through the entire length of the text.

for (int i = 0; i < [mainString length]; ++i) { // Store each letter in a Glyph and subtract the MagicNumber to get appropriate value.

textToPrint[i] = [[mainString uppercaseString] characterAtIndex:i] + 3 - 32;

}

//to understand the MagicNumber, I open the font file using FontForge

//found that the font I am using started from location 32

//after I changed the "Encoding->Reencode" to "Glyph Order"

//I found that the "U+0020 space" started from location 3

download sample code:

http://www.mymacbd.com/forum/viewtopic.php?id=29

reference:

http://forums.macrumors.com/showthread.php?t=569311

http://www.waterworld.com.hk/en/node/157

Speech detection example iPhone

2010-03-02T18:24:00.014+06:00

This is an example, how to start working on speech detection application for iPhone.

We have two major task:
1. Access the audio data.
2. Implement the logic part.

Task1: Access the audio data:
Download SpeakHere Example code from Apple:
http://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/samplecode/SpeakHere/index.html

Open "Classes->Play & Record->AQRecorder.mm" and edit the folloding function:

// AudioQueue callback function, called when an input buffers has been filled.
void AQRecorder::MyInputBufferHandler(...)

Add the following code to access the audio data:

 //for signed 16-bit little-endian
 SInt16 *buf = (SInt16 *)inBuffer->mAudioData;
 for(int i=0; i< inBuffer->mAudioDataByteSize / 2; i=i+2) {
  printf("\n%d\n%d ", buf[i], buf[i+1]);
 }

(Please feel free to let me know if I am doing anything wrong...)

Run the application. You will get the raw data in gdb/console/log.
Copy the data in a text file and plot it.

Download gnuplot and AquaTerm

I have copied the data in a text file name "hello.txt" and saved it in my home directory.
Plot this, in gnuplot using the following command:

gnuplot>plot "hello.txt"

Task2: Implement the logic part:

For speech detection purpose we do not need to check all the data. Set some filter to check the data within some range. You can also try with the maximum and minimum value.

As the maximum and minumum value is similar, you can simply check one part.

If you want to detect specific type of speech or sound, analyze the graph by taking some sample.
Understand the logic and implement a coded logic to detect it.

For normal detection purpose take many sample and do R&D youself.

Please note that the mic "Input Volume" may affect your data.

Radio App Example iPhone

2010-02-16T00:21:00.011+06:00

I was working on an application to play audio stream from an online radio. Here is some hints for the developers who want to do similar types of work.

Initially we have two major task:
1. Read stream data.
2. Play the stream data.

From apple developer documentation:

http://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/codinghowtos/AudioAndVideo/index.html#STREAMING

How do I play streamed audio?

To play streamed audio, you connect to a network stream using the CFNetwork interfaces from Core Foundation, such as those in CFHTTPMessage. You then parse the network packets into audio packets using Audio File Stream Services (AudioToolbox/AudioFileStream.h). Finally, you play the audio packets using Audio Queue Services (AudioToolbox/AudioQueue.h). You can also use Audio File Stream Services to parse audio packets from an on-disk file.

Task 1: Working with HTTP stream

Read "CFNetwork Programming Guide" specially the "Communicating with HTTP Servers" part.

Use the callback

if (CFReadStreamSetClient(myReadStream, registeredEvents, myCallBack, &myContext) {...}

A sample callback:

static void myCallBack
(CFReadStreamRef stream, CFStreamEventType type, void *clientCallBackInfo) {
  if(type == kCFStreamEventHasBytesAvailable) {
   UInt8 buffer[2048];
   CFIndex bytesRead = CFReadStreamRead(stream, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
   
   if (bytesRead > 0) {
    //nothing
   }
   else if (bytesRead) {
    NSString* to_add = [NSString stringWithCString: (char*)buffer length: bytesRead];
    NSLog(@"%@", to_add);
   }
  }
}

Run the application. If you can see the HTML tag in your debug console, then your network stream reading is working fine.

Task 2: Working with audio

Read "Audio File Stream Services Reference" to get basic idea about the streaming audio.

Check the "AudioFileStreamExample" from:
http://developer.apple.com/Mac/library/samplecode/AudioFileStreamExample/index.html

Merge the "AudioFileStreamParseBytes" with the "myCallBack" method.

Download Sample Code:
http://www.mymacbd.com/forum/viewtopic.php?id=26

nasm in Mac OS X

2009-08-07T13:24:00.003+07:00

I was trying to compile a simple assembly program in Mac OS X (Leopard).

I was getting an error message

ld: could not find entry point "_start" (perhaps missing crt1.o) for inferred architecture i386

A simple asm program for FreeBSD and MacOS
(we have to use the stack for system call, from http://asm.sourceforge.net//howto/Assembly-HOWTO.rtf)

section     .text
 global _start                       ;must be declared for linker (ld)

_syscall:           
     int     0x80            ;system call
     ret

_start:                         ;tell linker entry point

     push    dword len       ;message length
     push    dword msg       ;message to write
     push    dword 1         ;file descriptor (stdout)
     mov     eax,0x4         ;system call number (sys_write)
     call    _syscall        ;call kernel

                             ;the alternate way to call kernel:
                             ;push   eax
                             ;call   7:0

     add     esp,12          ;clean stack (3 arguments * 4)

     push    dword 0         ;exit code
     mov     eax,0x1         ;system call number (sys_exit)
     call    _syscall        ;call kernel

                             ;we do not return from sys_exit,
                             ;there's no need to clean stack
section .data

msg     db      "Hello, world!",0xa     ;our dear string
len     equ     $ - msg                 ;length of our dear string

In Mac OS X we should use format macho

nasm -f macho hello.asm

and for the linker (we need to specify the entry point)

ld -e _start -o hello hello.o

resources:
http://asm.sourceforge.net//howto/Assembly-HOWTO.rtf
http://zathras.de/angelweb/blog-intel-assembler-on-mac-os-x.htm

recover kopete password

2009-04-18T02:08:00.002+06:00

I was trying to recover a password from a kopeterc file.

Open the kopeterc file in a hex editor
In the password location you will find three-byte chunks: [EF][BE][XX]. The first two bytes stay most of the time same.
Just subtract each third byte from 0x1001F then you will get the character value from ASCII table.

everything was working fine as mentioned in Raphman's blog

But I had a little problem with numeric value. My combination was "EF BE XX" but before the numeric value it was "EF BF XX".

For the numeric value I have to subtract 0x40 again to get the original value.

It worked for me at last...

src: http://my.opera.com/raphman/blog/2008/02/01/kde-pasword-obfuscation?cid=7484288

Bengali in LaTeX in Mac OS X

2008-12-13T18:26:00.017+06:00

I have installed LaTeX for Mac OS from http://www.tug.org/mactex/

I was trying to write Bangla in LaTex. Found two ways to write bangla in LaTeX.

Unicode Standard

written by Golam Mortuza Hossain. Here I am just writing how to do this in Mac OS.

First download freefont-ttf-xyz.tar.gz from

http://savannah.nongnu.org/download/freefont/
or
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/freefont/

which containing
-------------------------
FreeSerif.ttf
FreeSerifBold.ttf
FreeSerifItalic.ttf
FreeSerifBoldItalic.ttf

Paste these fonts in your "Macintosh HD/Library/Fonts/"

Now try sample document in TeXShop

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
%
% This file is a based on the sample tex file to illustrate use of
% XeTeX in typesetting Bengali document.
% License under GNU FDL by Golam Mortuza Hossain, 2008
%
%url: http://methopath.wordpress.com/2008/06/26/writing-unicode-bengali-in-latex/
%
\font\serif="FreeSerif:script=beng"
\font\serifbb="FreeSerif:script=beng" at 24pt
\font\deffont="FreeSerif:script=beng" at 14pt

\title{\bf\serifbb সত্যজিৎ রায়}
\author{\bf\serif উইকিপিডিয়া, মুক্ত বিশ্বকোষ থেকে}
\date{}
\begin{document}
\deffont %Default font used for the document
\maketitle
সত্যজিৎ রায় (২রা মে, ১৯২১ – ২৩শে এপ্রিল, ১৯৯২) একজন বাঙালী চলচ্চিত্র নির্মাতা ও বিংশ শতাব্দীর অন্যতম শ্রেষ্ঠ চলচ্চিত্র পরিচালক। কলকাতা শহরে সাহিত্য ও শিল্পের জগতে খ্যাতনামা এক বাঙালী পরিবারে তাঁর জন্ম হয়। তিনি কলকাতার প্রেসিডেন্সি কলেজ ও শান্তিনিকেতনে রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুরের প্রতিষ্ঠিত বিশ্বভারতী বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে পড়াশোনা করেন। সত্যজিতের কর্মজীবন একজন বাণিজ্যিক চিত্রকর হিসেবে শুরু হলেও প্রথমে কলকাতায় ফরাসি চলচ্চিত্র নির্মাতা জঁ রনোয়ারের সাথে সাক্ষাৎ ও পরে লন্ডন শহরে সফররত অবস্থায় ইতালীয় নব্য বাস্তবতাবাদী ছবি লাদ্রি দি বিচিক্লেত্তে (ইতালীয় ভাষায় Ladri di biciclette, "সাইকেল চোর") দেখার পর তিনি চলচ্চিত্র নির্মাণে উদ্বুদ্ধ হন।
\end{document}

Select "XeLaTeX" from drop down menu and click "Typeset" button for Output in TeXShop.

reference: http://methopath.wordpress.com/2008/06/26/writing-unicode-bengali-in-latex/

Bangtex

First Bengali typesetting system using LaTeX. Which use a non-standard approach to write bangla.

example:

\centerline{\bngxxv ra\*g*er OShudh}
\centerline{\bngxviii sukumar ray}
-----------------------------------
which give output
-----------------------------------
রোগের ওষুধ
সুকুমার রায়

download bfonts.tar.gz, bsty.tar.gz, bsample.tar.gz from
http://www.saha.ac.in/theory/palashbaran.pal/bangtex/bangtex.html

Installing the font files
cd /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-dist/fonts/source
sudo mkdir bangla
extract bfonts.tar.gz in /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-dist/fonts/source/bangla/
Installing the macro files for LaTeX
cd /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-dist/tex/latex
sudo mkdir bangla
extract bsty.tar.gz /usr/local/texlive/2008/texmf-dist/tex/latex/bangla/
Initializing the files
sudo texhash

reference: http://www.saha.ac.in/theory/palashbaran.pal/bangtex/install.html#linux

Probhat Installer for MacOS

2008-11-06T22:17:00.002+06:00

I have created Probhat installer for MacOS.

You can download it from Ankur website click here.

Details on Ankur Wiki

get database structure using PHP

2008-09-20T19:18:00.007+06:00

I was facing problem to connect a mysql host, as it was only accepting connection from a specific server. But I need to know the database structure to design some report.

At last I have written a simple php code to print the table name along with the structure.


<?php
   
   mysql_connect("host_name","user","password") or die(mysql_error());
   mysql_select_db("database_name") or die(mysql_error());


   $result = mysql_query("SHOW TABLES;") or die(mysql_error());  

   while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)){
  
 echo $row[0]; //print the table name
 
 $result2 = mysql_query("DESCRIBE ".$row[0].";") or die(mysql_error()); //get details schema for each table
 
 echo "<table border='1' width='70%'>";
 echo "<tr><td>Field</td><td>Type</td><td>Null</td><td>Key</td><td>Default</td><td>Extra</td>";
 
 while($row2 = mysql_fetch_array($result2)){
   
  for($i=0; $i<6; $i++){ 
   if($row2[$i] == "" || $row2[$i] == NULL){
    $row2[$i] = " ";
   }
  }   
   
  echo "<tr>";
  echo "<td>".$row2[0]."</td><td>".$row2[1]."</td><td>".$row2[2]."</td><td>".$row2[3]."</td><td>".$row2[4]."</td><td>".$row2[5];
  echo "</tr>";
 }
 
 echo "</table>"; 
 echo "<br/>";
}

?>

Just change your database configuration then upload in your server. Browse the url and you must delete the file from server after get the structure. Be safe...

function call in javascript

2008-08-31T02:45:00.003+06:00

I was studying russkey.mozdev.org source code to learn how to write Firefox extension.

Found this style of function call in javascript.


var collection =   {

 hello : function() {
  document.write("Hello World!");
 },
 
 understand : function() {
  document.write("<br/>Understand!");
 },
 
 bye : function() {
  document.write("<br/>bye!");
 }
 
};


var m = new collection.hello();
var n = new collection.understand();
var o = new collection.bye();

The output will


Hello World!
Understand!
bye!

My Facebook application

2008-08-30T13:20:00.004+06:00

apps.new.facebook.com/circle_of_blood/
or
apps.facebook.com/circle_of_blood/

Special thanks to Dr. Hamza for joining in this project and sponsor the hosting.

flash/swf height width in CodeIgniter 1.6

2008-08-27T03:53:00.005+06:00

In libraries/Upload.php

Edit the function is_image().

add the 'application/x-shockwave-flash' in $img_mimes


$img_mimes = array(
 'image/gif',
 'image/jpeg',
 'image/png',
 'application/x-shockwave-flash',
);

It simply allow set_image_properties function to read the height & width for flash.

//now this will not call for flash
if ( ! $this->is_image())
{
return;
}

Which user remove my facebook application

2008-08-26T00:23:00.001+06:00

To remove the user who remove your application from facebook automatically.

In the settings of the application,
"Can your application be added on Facebook?" set it yes.

Scroll down, you will get a Post-Remove URL input box.

Facebook will send data to the post remove url page about the user removing the application.
The post_remove.php example from my server.


<?php

//facebook lib
require_once 'fbclient/facebook.php';

//my database config
require_once 'config/config.php';

$appapikey = 'you_app_api_key';
$appsecret = 'your_app_secret_key';

$facebook = new Facebook($appapikey, $appsecret);
$user_id = $facebook->require_login();

$user = $facebook->get_loggedin_user();

if ($user != NULL && $facebook->fb_params['uninstall'] == 1)
{
  //The user has removed your app
  mysql_query("DELETE FROM users WHERE userid='$user_id'")  or die(mysql_error());
}

?>

Reference:
Creating Your First Application Facebook wiki
Post-Remove URL Facebook wiki

Matrix in OpenGL

2008-08-13T13:34:00.015+06:00


[0  4  8 12]
[1  5  9 13]
[2  6 10 14]
[3  7 11 15]

4x4 matrix in memory.

[R0 R3 R6 Tx]
[R1 R4 R7 Ty]
[R2 R5 R8 Tz]
[ 0  0  0  1]

'R' represents rotations and scaling (and shearing)
'T' translation

First, I read the matrix and print it.


float x[16];
int i;

//read the 4x4 matrix and store in x
glGetFloatv (GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, (float*)x);

//print the matrix
for(i=0; i<4; i++){
 printf("%f\t%f\t%f\t%f", x[i], x[i+4], x[i+8], x[i+12]);  
 printf("\n");
}

glTranslatef(2, 0.0, 0.0);


//print the matrix after translate

glGetFloatv (GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, (float*)x);

printf("\n-----------------------\n");

for(i=0; i<4; i++){
 printf("%f\t%f\t%f\t%f", x[i], x[i+4], x[i+8], x[i+12]);  
 printf("\n");
}

Run the program.

After translate our matrix changes in "Tx" -2.000000


-1.000000   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000
 0.000000  -0.196116   0.980581   0.000000
 0.000000   0.980581   0.196116  -10.198039
 0.000000   0.000000   0.000000   1.000000
-----------------------------------------
-1.000000   0.000000   0.000000  -2.000000
 0.000000  -0.196116   0.980581   0.000000
 0.000000   0.980581   0.196116  -10.198039
 0.000000   0.000000   0.000000   1.000000

Instead of translate if we use rotation


glRotatef(45, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0);

After rotation our matrix changes in "R"


-1.000000   0.000000   0.000000   0.000000
 0.000000  -0.196116   0.980581   0.000000
 0.000000   0.980581   0.196116  -10.198039
 0.000000   0.000000   0.000000   1.000000
-----------------------------------------
-0.707107   0.500000  -0.500000   0.000000
-0.588348  -0.023793   0.808257   0.000000
 0.392232   0.865699   0.310998  -10.198039
 0.000000   0.000000   0.000000   1.000000

Reference: www.gamedev.net Forum

Simple Solar System in OpenGL

2008-07-19T23:37:00.007+06:00

I have created a simple Solar System using OpenGL


#include <stdlib.h>
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>

static float Xvalue = 0.0, Yvalue = 0.0, Angle = 0.0;

int MoveX = 0;
int MoveY = 0;

void myInit(void) {
 glClearColor (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
}


static float x1[360][2];
static float x2[360][2];
static float x3[720][2];


void generateCircle()
{
 int i = 0;
 
  for(i=0; i <= 360; i++)
  {
   x1[i][0] = sin(i*3.1416/180)*3;
   x1[i][1] = cos(i*3.1416/180)*3;
  }
 
 for(i=0; i <= 360; i++)
 {
  x2[i][0] = sin(i*3.1416/180)*1;
  x2[i][1] = cos(i*3.1416/180)*1;
 }
 
 for(i=0; i <= 720; i++)
 {
  x3[i][0] = sin(i*3.1416/180)*5;
  x3[i][1] = cos(i*3.1416/180)*5;
 }
 
}




void myDisplay(void) {
 
 glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
 glColor3f (1.0, 1.0, 1.0);
 
 //sun
 glPushMatrix();
 gluLookAt (0.0, 10.0, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 glTranslatef(Xvalue, 0.0, Yvalue);
 glRotatef(Angle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 glutWireSphere (0.5, 15, 15);
 glPopMatrix();
 
 glPushMatrix();
 gluLookAt (0.0, 10.0, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 if(MoveX==360)
  MoveX = 0;
 glTranslatef(x1[MoveX][1], x1[MoveX][0], 0.0);
 glRotatef(Angle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 glutWireSphere (0.4, 15, 15);
 glTranslatef(x2[MoveX][0], x2[MoveX][1], 0.0);
 glutWireSphere (0.2, 15, 15);
 glPopMatrix();
 
 glPushMatrix();
 gluLookAt (0.0, 10.0, 2.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 if(MoveY==720)
  MoveY = 0;
 glTranslatef(x3[MoveY/2][1], x3[MoveY/2][0], 0.0);
 glRotatef(Angle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 glutWireSphere (0.4, 15, 15);
 int i = 0;
 //glBegin(GL_LINE_STRIP);
 glBegin(GL_QUAD_STRIP);
 for(i=0; i <= 360; i++)
 {
  glVertex3f(sin(i*3.1416/180)*0.5, cos(i*3.1416/180)*0.5, 0 );
  glVertex3f(sin(i*3.1416/180)*0.7, cos(i*3.1416/180)*0.7, 0 );
 }
 glEnd();
 glRotatef(Angle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
 glPopMatrix();
 
 glFlush ();
}


void resize(int w, int h)
{
 glViewport (0, 0, (GLsizei) w, (GLsizei) h); 
 glMatrixMode (GL_PROJECTION);
 glLoadIdentity ();
 glFrustum (-1.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0, 1.5, 20.0);
 glMatrixMode (GL_MODELVIEW);
 glLoadIdentity ();
}


void animation()
{
 Angle += 15.0;
 glutPostRedisplay();
 MoveX +=1;
 MoveY +=1;
 glutPostRedisplay();
 glutTimerFunc(100, animation, 0);
 
}


int main(int argc, char ** argv){
 
 glutInit(&argc, argv);
 glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_SINGLE | GLUT_RGB);
 glutInitWindowSize(1024, 768);
 glutInitWindowPosition(100, 150);
 glutCreateWindow("OpenGL");
 myInit();
 glutDisplayFunc(myDisplay);
 glutReshapeFunc(resize);  
 generateCircle();
 glutTimerFunc(100, animation, 0);
 glutMainLoop();
}

iReport java.lang.NullPointerException

2008-07-01T16:58:00.005+06:00

I was facing some problem to start iReport in my Debian

salahuddin@crab:~/iReport-2.0.3$ ./iReport.sh
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.util.Hashtable.put(libgcj.so.70)
at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicToolBarUI.setBorderToRollover(libgcj.so.70)
at javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicToolBarUI$ToolBarContListener.componentAdded(libgcj.so.70)
at java.awt.Container.addImpl(libgcj.so.70)
at javax.swing.JToolBar.addImpl(libgcj.so.70)
at java.awt.Container.add(libgcj.so.70)
at it.businesslogic.ireport.gui.ToolbarFormatPanel.initComponents(ToolbarFormatPanel.java:170)
at it.businesslogic.ireport.gui.ToolbarFormatPanel.(ToolbarFormatPanel.java:57)
at it.businesslogic.ireport.gui.MainFrame.(MainFrame.java:487)
at it.businesslogic.ireport.gui.MainFrame.main(MainFrame.java:8020)
salahuddin@crab:~/iReport-2.0.3$

Here is my .bashrc

export CVSROOT=:ext:salahuddin@paq:/home/cvs
export CVS_RSH=/usr/bin/ssh
export ANT_OPTS=-Xmx512m
export ANT_HOME=/usr/ant
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk1.5.0_03
export CLASS_PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$PATH:$ANT_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/tomcat
export CVSEDITOR=vim

Note: My /usr/java is soft linked with /usr/jdk1.5.0_03

Main problem /usr/bin/java was linked with /etc/alternatives/java

salahuddin@crab:/usr/bin$ ls -l java*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 2008-04-30 22:29 java -> /etc/alternatives/java
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 2008-06-26 15:52 javac -> /etc/alternatives/javac
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 25 2008-07-01 15:58 javadoc -> /etc/alternatives/javadoc
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 2008-06-26 15:52 javah -> /etc/alternatives/javah

The main problem was it was using java from the gij package/

#cd /usr/bin/
#mv java java2
#mv javac javac2
#mv javah javah2
#mv javadoc javadoc2

#ln -s /usr/java/bin/java /usr/bin/java
#ln -s /usr/java/bin/javac /usr/bin/javac
#ln -s /usr/java/bin/javah /usr/bin/javah
#ln -s /usr/java/bin/javadoc /usr/bin/javadoc

It simply solve the problem.

Get system load using Python Script

2008-06-12T02:25:00.005+06:00

I have written a simple python script that collect system load information and store in a XML file.


#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import commands
import time
from time import gmtime, strftime

while 0 < 10:
 
 file_name = strftime("%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M", gmtime()) 

 data =  commands.getoutput("w | grep load")
 xml_data = ""+ data + ""
 
 print xml_data
 
 
 if os.path.isfile(file_name + ".xml"):
  x=0
 else:

  f_prev=open(file_name + ".xml", 'a')
  f_prev.write("")
  f_prev.close

  f=open(file_name + ".xml", 'w')
  f.write("\n\n")
  f.close()

 
 f=open(file_name + ".xml", 'a')

 f.write(xml_data+"\n")

 f.close()
 time.sleep(3)

We will get XML file like this.

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<data>
<load> 01:40:38 up 6:27, 3 users, load average: 0.07, 0.07, 0.03</load>
<load> 01:40:48 up 6:27, 3 users, load average: 0.06, 0.07, 0.03</load>
<load> 01:40:58 up 6:27, 3 users, load average: 0.05, 0.07, 0.03</load>
</data>

putpixel in Linux

2008-06-09T02:53:00.007+06:00

Some days ago I was trying to read a BMP format file and show it using putpixel.

I haved used qdbmp.sourceforge.net which is a minimalistic cross-platform C library for handling BMP image file.

The Allegro (www.allegro.cc) graphics library that provides many functionality.

putpixel
Writes a pixel into a bitmap.
Description void putpixel(BITMAP *bmp, int x, int y, int color);

Download qdbmp.c qdbmp.h from the qdbmp website

Sample code that reads a BMP file and show it using Allegro library

/*
* Example program for the Allegro library, by Shawn Hargreaves.
*
* This is a very simple program showing how to get into graphics
* mode and draw text onto the screen.
*/

#include <allegro.h>
/* Creates a negative image of the input bitmap file */
#include "qdbmp.h"
#include <stdio.h>

int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
BMP* bmp;
UCHAR r, g, b;
UINT width, height;
UINT x, y;

int color;
/* you should always do this at the start of Allegro programs */
if (allegro_init() != 0)
return 1;

/* set up the keyboard handler */
install_keyboard();

/* set a graphics mode sized 320x200 */
if (set_gfx_mode(GFX_AUTODETECT, 320, 200, 0, 0) != 0) {
if (set_gfx_mode(GFX_SAFE, 320, 200, 0, 0) != 0) {
set_gfx_mode(GFX_TEXT, 0, 0, 0, 0);
allegro_message("Unable to set any graphic mode\n%s\n", allegro_error);
return 1;
}
}

/* set the color palette */
set_palette(desktop_palette);

/* clear the screen to white */
clear_to_color(screen, makecol(255, 255, 255));

/* you don't need to do this, but on some platforms (eg. Windows) things
* will be drawn more quickly if you always acquire the screen before
* trying to draw onto it.
*/
acquire_screen();

/* write some text to the screen with black letters and transparent background */
// textout_centre_ex(screen, font, "Hello, world!", SCREEN_W/2, SCREEN_H/2, makecol(0,0,0), -1);

if ( argc != 3 )
{
fprintf( stderr, "Usage: %s <input file> <output file>\n", argv[ 0 ] );
return 0;
}

/* Read an image file */
bmp = BMP_ReadFile( argv[ 1 ] );
BMP_CHECK_ERROR( stderr, -1 ); /* If an error has occurred, notify and exit */

/* Get image's dimensions */
width = BMP_GetWidth( bmp );
height = BMP_GetHeight( bmp );

/* Iterate through all the image's pixels */
for ( x = 0 ; x < width ; ++x )
{
for ( y = 0 ; y < height ; ++y )
{
/* Get pixel's RGB values */
BMP_GetPixelRGB( bmp, x, y, &r, &g, &b );

color = makecol(r,g,b);

putpixel(screen, x, y, color);

/* Invert RGB values */
BMP_SetPixelRGB( bmp, x, y, 255 - r, 255 - g, 255 - b );
}
}

// putpixel(screen, SCREEN_W/2, SCREEN_H/2, 50);

/* you must always release bitmaps before calling any input functions */
release_screen();

/* wait for a key press */
readkey();

/* Save result */
BMP_WriteFile( bmp, argv[ 2 ] );
BMP_CHECK_ERROR( stderr, -2 );

/* Free all memory allocated for the image */
BMP_Free( bmp );

return 0;
}

END_OF_MAIN()

Compile
$gcc -g -O2 -o name `allegro-config --libs` sample.c qdbmp.c

Resources:
http://qdbmp.sourceforge.net/
http://www.allegro.cc/manual/api/drawing-primitives/putpixel
http://www.allegro.cc/manual/api/truecolor-pixel-formats/makecol

Probhat in MacOS

2008-03-12T15:12:00.009+06:00

I have ported the Probhat Layout (a bangla keyboad) in MacOS .

Download link
http://www.ankur.org.bd/wiki/Documentation#Mac_OS_X_2

* Unpack the zip file, there will be two files "Probhat.icns" and "Probhat.keylayout".
* Paste these two files in "Macintosh HD/Library/Keyboard Layouts/" or "Home/Library/Keyboard Layouts/", which will install the keyboard layout.

* Go to "System Preferences" > "International" > "Input Menu" scroll down and make sure that "Probhat" is checked.

* Make sure Show input menu in menu bar is checked, default English layout will be highlighted in the menu bar.

* Now click on "Keyboard Shortcuts" and in the "Input Menu" section put your desired keyboard shortcut that will enable you to change the keyboard layout (Our choice was Alt+Space).

* Now while typing in any application, pressing Alt+Space will switch to Probhat Layout and Probhat layout symbol will be highlighted in the menu bar.

LDAP address book in Debian

2008-01-29T01:52:00.000+06:00

#apt-get install slapd ldap-utils ldapscripts

edit /etc/ldap/slapd.conf

----------------------------

//change the suffix accodring to your domain. here "example.com.bd"

suffix "dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd"

//uncomment this line

rootdn "cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd"

//add after rootdn line (it is plain text password)
rootpw secret

//change the dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd everywhere in slapd.conf
//keep other config as it is.

restart ldap
#/etc/init.d/slapd restart

edit /etc/ldap/ldap.conf

create a file name directory.ldif in /etc/ldap/schema/

directory.ldif
----------------

dn:     dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd
objectClass:    top
objectClass:    dcObject
objectClass:    organization
dc:     example
o:      Example Inc.

dn:     ou=addressbook, dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd
objectClass:    top
objectClass:    organizationalUnit
ou:     addressbook

from shell cd to /etc/ldap/schema/
$ldapadd -x -D 'cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd' -f directory.ldif -W
(give pass secret here)

To check
$ldapsearch -b 'dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd' 'objectclass=*' -x

Input data using phpldapadmin

#apt-get install phpldapadmin

http://localhost/phpldapadmin/

login: cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd
pass: secret

or you can add data manually

create a file contact.ldif in /etc/ldap/schema/

contact.ldif
--------------

dn: cn=Blogger OS, ou=addressbook,dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd
objectClass: top
objectClass: person
objectClass: organizationalPerson
objectClass: inetOrgPerson
cn: Blogger
gn: Ldap
sn: OS
mail: blogger@example.com.bd
physicalDeliveryOfficeName: Dhaka, Bangladesh.
postalAddress: PO BOX 909
ou: addressbook
st: LA
postalCode: 1215
telephoneNumber: 111-111-1111
facsimileTelephoneNumber:

111-111-1111


pager:

111-111-1111


mobile:

111-111-1111


homePhone:

111-111-1111

from shell cd to /etc/ldap/schema/
$ldapadd -x -D 'cn=admin,dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd' -f contact.ldif -W
(give pass secret here)

To check
$ldapsearch -b 'dc=example,dc=com,dc=bd' 'objectclass=*' -x

Reference:
ONLamp.com Link

OpenLDAP Link

Triple Boot in MacBook (Debian AMD64) using rEFIt

2007-10-24T21:59:00.001+06:00

I have got success to create triple boot in mac book using rEFIt


salahuddin-pashas-computer:~ salahuddin$ diskutil list
/dev/disk0
#:                   type     name                           size          identifier
0:  GUID_    partition_scheme                    *111.8 GB      disk0
1:                             EFI                                  200.0 MB      disk0s1
2:              Apple_HFS Macintosh HD           111.2 GB     disk0s2

Resize the volume


diskutil resizeVolume /dev/disk$OSX OSXpartsize 2ndPartType 2ndPartLabel 2ndPartSize 3rdPartType 3rdPartLabel 3rdPartSize

Here I am giving


diskutil resizeVolume /dev/disk0s2 71.1G Linux Linux 25G "MS-DOS FAT32" Windows 15G

(If you face problem while resizing the partitions, install/reinstall a fresh copy of Mac OS)

Install rEFIt in Mac OS (Mac disk image)

reboot your mac book and ensure that rEFIt is loading at boot time.

Boot Windows XP SP2 32bit, you will find the CD appear in the boot menu of rEFIt or use 'C' to boot. Now install it sda4
(warning: just format the sda4 in (fat32 or ntfs) while installing windows, but do not repartition/change anything!!!)

reboot and you will find 2 option for booting the Mac OS and Windows.
(warning: do not update the partition record in the rEFIt now, the Linux partition may update as fat32)

Installing Debian:

Get the AMD64 version of Debian (you can also use generic 32 bit)

Install Debian normally without the grub or lilo

(when it will try to install grub or lilo use go back, and from main menu select finish installation from Debian installation CD.)

From rEFIt menu update the partition record. Important!!!

Now boot with Debian installation CD up to the partitioning.
(otherwise you will face problem while installing lilo)
(*** you can see the easy way below after update the partition table)

go to console mode

ctrl+alt+F2
mkdir /tmp/debian
mount /dev/sda3 /tmp/debian
chroot /tmp/debian
mount /proc
apt-get install lilo
nano /etc/lilo.conf

sample lilo config


boot=/dev/sda3
default=Debian

map=/boot/map
delay=20
image=/vmlinuz initrd=/initrd.img
root=/dev/sda3
label=Debian
read-only

Install lilo in sda3

lilo -b /dev/sda3

done...

(***another easy way is install debian from begining again, now install lilo in /dev/sda3)(do not install grub) done...

After reboot you will find 3 OS boot option in rEFIt menu.

Important configuration!!!

Install CPU frequency, otherwise you mac book can be too hot in a short time.
http://wiki.debian.org/MacBook#head-7271d26c7c6e311218ca20422f7eb86e76a6d5e3

Configure the Color Profile (install xcalib using apt) http://gentoo-wiki.com/HARDWARE_Apple_MacBook#Colour_Profilept

F1, F2, F3... Key configuration
apt-get install pommed

Reference
http://wiki.debian.org/MacBook

Resources
http://wiki.debian.org/MacBook
http://wiki.onmac.net/index.php/Triple_Boot_via_BootCamp_Ubuntu
http://gentoo-wiki.com/HARDWARE_Apple_MacBook

Bought a MacBook

2007-10-06T21:54:00.000+06:00

Today I bought

Intel Core 2 Duo 2.16 GHZ (white)
2 GB Ram
Superdrive

With Mr. Jamil and Mofidul Islam

Check date in Java Script

2007-09-27T17:38:00.002+06:00

here is my date check javascript.

function leapyearcheck(year)
{

if(year.value % 4 != 0)
{
return 0;
}

else
{
if(year.value % 100 != 0)
{
return 1; //leap year
}

else
{

   if(year.value % 400 != 0)
   {
   return 0
   }

   else
   return 1;  //leap year

}

}
}


function datecheck(day,month,year) //call this function
{
//alert(day.value);

if(!leapyearcheck(year))
{
//alert("Not Leap Year");

   if(month.value == 2)
   {
       if(day.value > 28)
       {
       alert("Check the Day and Month");
       return false;
       }

   }
}

else

{

//alert("Leap Year");
if(month.value == 2)
   {
       if(day.value > 29)
       {
       alert("Check the Day and Month");
       return false;
       }
   }

}


Thanks to HasinHyder for a tricky one..

var dt = new Date(year+"/02/29");
if (dt.getMonth()=="1")
alert (year + " is a leap year");
else
alert(year + " is not a leap year")

mdb file in OpenOffice.org

2007-09-27T17:21:00.000+06:00

To work with mdb file, open the OpenOffice.org-base select connect to an existing database, select Microsoft Access.

browse the mdb file and you need to save a odb file that will enable you to view the tables,query etc on it.

To copy the content of a table in OpenOffice.org Calc
go to View--> Data Sources

right click in the left pannel of in the database view option, click on the "Registered databases", click "New" and locate your created odb file.

Click on the database you want to copy. Select the Queries/Tables and copy the content by righ click on the query/table name.

Paste in the OpenOffice.org-Calc. Now you can save in ods, and also save as in different formats.

Back from IIUC Open Source Camp - 5

2007-09-02T07:30:00.000+06:00

Group Photo

Starting for IIUC OSS Camp-5

2007-08-30T13:30:00.000+06:00

Me (salahuddin66) , Mahay Alam Khan and Belayet Hossain starting for IIUC OSS Camp-5 Chittagong.

Open Source Camp - 5
31th - 1th August 2007
Chittagong, Bangladesh

2007-07-17T01:40:00.000+06:00

Today I got success to configure phpbb with wordpress.It will enable the phpbb registered user to login the wordpress blog (after get approve from admin) with same id and password.I tried with phpBB-2.0.22 and wordpress-2.2.1Simply after install both in a same database.create a connections.php in the includes directory of the phpbbconnections.php

<?php$con = mysql_connect("localhost","your_username","your_password");

if (!$con){die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());}mysql_select_db("your_database", $con);?>

edit includes/usercp_register.php of the phpbbaround 630 lines you will find some line like this

/ Get current date//$sql = "INSERT INTO " . USERS_TABLE . " (user_id, ...);

Bellow this line add

// added by salahuddin66include_once("connections.php");

$query = "INSERT INTO wp_users (user_login, user_nicename, display_name, user_pass, user_email, user_registered) VALUES ('" . str_replace("'", "''", $username) . "', '" . str_replace("'", "''", $username) . "', '". str_replace("'", "''", $username) . "', '" . str_replace("'", "''", $new_password) . "', '" . str_replace("'", "''", $email)."', NOW() )";

if (!mysql_query($query,$con)){die('Error: ' . mysql_error());}

// finish added by salahuddin66

done..Now the users will register for the phpbb forum will also register for the wordpress blog automatically.To enable his wordpress account, wordpress admin need to give him approve/some role.

My first GTK app

2007-06-10T23:49:00.000+06:00

bDict is my first GTK app. It is written in C using glade3,Glib and based on the "Anubadok: The Bangla Machine Translator"

http://www.bengalinux.org/cgi-bin/abhidhan/bdict.pl

I just create the GTK GUI for bdict

AIUB 4th OSS Camp on 8th and 9th June 2007

2007-06-10T19:12:00.001+06:00

Group Photo

Backup Evolution mails

2007-06-01T16:16:00.000+06:00

Yesterday I backup my Evloution mails from my office hdd to home hdd.

Shutdown evolution and gconftool-2:

$evolution --force-shutdown
$gconftool-2 --shutdown

You need to backup this directory.

~/.evolution/
~/.gconf/apps/evolution/
~/.gnome2_private/Evolution

Create a tar.gz

$tar -cvzf evolution-backup.tar.gz .evolution .gconf/apps/evolution .gnome2_private/Evolution

To restore, use:

$gconftool-2 --shutdown
$evolution --force-shutdown
$tar xzf evolution-backup.tar.gz
$gconftool-2 --unload evolution_setting.xml
$gconftool-2 --load evolution_setting.xml

src: http://ubuntu.wordpress.com/

Mysql C API undefined reference to `mysql_init'

2007-06-01T15:44:00.000+06:00

Today I was trying to compile simple program written in C to connect mysql

http://www.ucl.ac.uk/is/mysql/c/
http://www.osix.net/modules/article/?id=517

/tmp/ccetdBsn.o: In function `main':
sqltest.c:(.text+0x35): undefined reference to `mysql_init'
sqltest.c:(.text+0x77): undefined reference to `mysql_real_connect'
sqltest.c:(.text+0x86): undefined reference to `mysql_error'
sqltest.c:(.text+0xbf): undefined reference to `mysql_query'
sqltest.c:(.text+0xce): undefined reference to `mysql_error'
sqltest.c:(.text+0xfc): undefined reference to `mysql_use_result'
sqltest.c:(.text+0x130): undefined reference to `mysql_fetch_row'
sqltest.c:(.text+0x144): undefined reference to `mysql_free_result'
sqltest.c:(.text+0x14f): undefined reference to `mysql_close'

I found some people also face this problem.

The problem solved after giving

gcc -o test  -L/usr/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient test.c

src: http://lists.mysql.com/mysql/200178

Ram in Bangla in Debian Etch

2007-05-25T22:04:00.000+06:00

To type U+200D in ben_probhat use "shift + ="

to write this in Debian Etch use (ben_probhat)

r + shift + = + / + shift + z + a + m

U+200D ZERO WIDTH JOINER

/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/in

xkb_symbols "ben_probhat" {
name[Group1]= "India - Bengali Probhat";

key <AE12> { [ equal, 0x100200D ] };

Special thanks and all credits goes to Sayamindu (who solve this problem in bn)

http://sayamindu.randomink.org/ramblings/2007/04/09/ra-japhala-in-bengali-bn-and-unicode-50/

thanks to Omi Azad for sending me the in pidgin

Note: It also works in Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

Link

Bangla/Bengali In Debian Etch

2007-05-20T14:50:00.000+06:00

Install this package.

#apt-get install ttf-bengali-fonts ttf-indic-fonts

you may need to restart your Xserver to view bangla/bengali.

System-->Preferences-->Keyboard

Click Add

Layout Option--->Group Shift/Lock behaviour (or use whatever you like)

Now I can switch to Bangla/English by pressing two ALt key together.
(Use any option here that you like)

Xen Installation in debian etch

2007-05-18T11:22:00.000+06:00

Install Xen first

#apt-get update
#apt-get install xen-hypervisor-3.0.3-1-i386  xen-utils-3.0.3-1
#apt-get install linux-image-2.6.18-4-xen-686 

give the version no according to you deb repository.

edit /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp
------------------------------
uncomment this two line(network-script network-bridge)
(vif-script vif-bridge)

Install tools for xen#apt-get install bridge-utils iproute sysfsutils libc6-xen xen-tools

Create a directory#mkdir /home/xen

edit /etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf

here is my sample config file (Here I am showing only uncomment part) dir = /home/xen
debootstrap = 1
#  Disk and Sizing options.
##
#
size   = 1Gb      # Disk image size.
memory = 128Mb    # Memory size
swap   = 128Mb    # Swap size
# noswap = 1      # Don't use swap at all for the new system.
fs     = ext3     # use the EXT3 filesystem for the disk image.
dist   = etch     # Default distribution to install.
image  = full     # Specify sparse vs. full disk images.

##
# Networking setup values.
##

#
# Uncomment and adjust these network settings if you wish to give your
# new instances static IP addresses.
#
gateway   = 192.168.7.1
netmask   = 255.255.255.0
#
# Uncomment this if you wish the images to use DHCP
#
# dhcp = 1

# Uncomment the following line if you wish to interactively setup
# a new root password for images.
#
passwd = 1

# Default kernel and ramdisk to use for the virtual servers
#
kernel = /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-xen-686
initrd = /boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-4-xen-686

# The default mirror for debootstrap which can be used to install
# Debian Sid, Sarge, and Etch.
#
mirror = http://ftp.debian.org/debian/


To create an image (here I am showing with debootstraping)#xen-create-image --hostname=test --ip=192.168.7.90 --passwd
it will ask for the root passwd after finish the debootstrap.


edit /etc/xen/test.cfg

check the kernel version is correct for your systemkernel = '/boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-4-xen-686'
ramdisk = '/boot/initrd.img-2.6.18-4-xen-686'

xen-tools generate the disk sda for me. Later I change it to hda
root    = '/dev/hda1 ro'
disk    = [ 'file:/home/xen/domains/test/disk.img,hda1,w', 'file:/home/xen/domains/test/swap.img,hda2,w' ]

check you ipif  = [ 'ip=192.168.7.90' ]





To start the vm#xm create test.cfg -c

it will start to boot (simple output)
-------------------------------------checking file systems...fsck 1.40-WIP (14-Nov-2006)
done.
Setting kernel variables...done.
Mounting local filesystems...done.
Activating swapfile swap...done.
Setting up networking....
Configuring network interfaces...done.
INIT: Entering runlevel: 2
Starting system log daemon: syslogd.
Starting kernel log daemon: klogd.
* Not starting internet superserver: no services enabled.
Starting OpenBSD Secure Shell server: sshdNET: Registered protocol family 10
lo: Disabled Privacy Extensions
IPv6 over IPv4 tunneling driver
.
Starting periodic command scheduler: crond.

Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 test tty1

test login:

or use#xenman
file-->open Domain File
and select the /etc/xen/test.cfg





Here is the nmap output for ip 192.168.7.90Interesting ports on test (192.168.7.90):
Not shown: 1696 closed ports
PORT   STATE SERVICE
22/tcp open  ssh
MAC Address: 00:16:3E:1F:8F:58 (Xensource)
Device type: general purpose
Running: Linux 2.6.X
OS details: Linux 2.6.17.9 (X86)
Uptime: 198.839 days (since Tue Oct 31 15:09:34 2006)
Network Distance: 1 hop


Now I can ssh to my 192.168.7.90
#debian:/home/salahuddin# ssh root@192.168.7.90
root@192.168.7.90's password:
Last login: Fri May 18 05:50:41 2007
Linux test 2.6.18-4-xen-686 #1 SMP Mon Mar 26 21:49:04 UTC 2007 i686

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
test:~# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:16:3E:15:BC:3F
      inet addr:192.168.7.90  Bcast:192.168.7.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
      inet6 addr: fe80::216:3eff:fe15:bc3f/64 Scope:Link
      UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
      RX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:36 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
      RX bytes:15420 (15.0 KiB)  TX bytes:5239 (5.1 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
      inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
      inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
      UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
      RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
      TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
      collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
      RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)

test:~#halt

Broadcast message from root@test (ttyp0) (Fri May 18 06:16:58 2007):

The system is going down for system halt NOW!
test:~# Connection to 192.168.7.90 closed by remote host.
Connection to 192.168.7.90 closed.
debian:/home/salahuddin#


Note:
Change your kernel path and disk config according to your system.
First time I tried with image  = sparse in /etc/xen-tools/xen-tools.conf but it did not work for me.
Later I give image  = full.


for more doc:

http://wiki.debian.org/Xen

http://www.debian-administration.org/articles/396
http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect_setup_xen3_debian

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/XenVirtualMachine/XenOnUbuntuEdgy

Simple Bird in Inskscape

2007-05-17T13:14:00.000+06:00

The Inkscape Logo.

Here is my simple bird I design it using Inkscape. See the image step by step.

At last.

Note: First get an original picture of the bird then see it carefully and start you design.

Simple 3d ball in Inkscape

2007-05-17T12:27:00.000+06:00

The Inkscape Logo.

Here I am designing a simple 3d ball.

See the image step by step.

At the last I am trying to create a shadow.

I give some effect to the shadow, like the real world, then rotate our light direction in the ball so that it match or follow our real world.

Always think about the real world rules that the materials and light follow.

This is just a simple design for the beginner...

Post Html code in Blog

2007-05-16T10:34:00.000+06:00

to post html code in your blog or in a html page. Just convert the HTML code to Special characters. (so simple)

src: http://hjem.get2net.dk/fec/shtmlc/shtmlc.html

Bangla to Hex

2007-05-15T21:33:00.000+06:00

Here is my Bangla to Hex converter using php and little ajax. Thanks to Mr. Jamil for giving me this idea.

index.php

<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="ajax.js"> </script>
</head>
<body>
<div align="center"><h1>Bangla HEX</h1></div>
<div align="center">salahuddin66.blogspot.com</div>
<br><br>
<form>
Input in UTF-8: <input type="text" name="input" onkeyup="show(this.value)">
</form>
<p>Hex: <span id="txtHint"></span></p>
</body>
</html>

ajax.js

var xmlHttp

function show(str0)
{
xmlHttp=GetXmlHttpObject()
if (xmlHttp==null)
{
alert ("Browser does not support HTTP Request")
return
}
var url="show.php"
url=url+"?q="+str0
url=url+"&sid="+Math.random()
xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=stateChanged
xmlHttp.open("GET",url,true)
xmlHttp.send(null)
}

function stateChanged()
{
if (xmlHttp.readyState==4 || xmlHttp.readyState=="complete")
{
document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlHttp.responseText
}
}

function GetXmlHttpObject()
{
var xmlHttp=null;
try
{
// Firefox, Opera 8.0+, Safari
xmlHttp=new XMLHttpRequest();
}
catch (e)
{
//Internet Explorer
try
{
xmlHttp=new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
}
catch (e)
{
xmlHttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
}
}
return xmlHttp;
}

show.php

<?php

$q=$_GET["q"];

unibin2hex($q);

function unibin2hex($u) {
$k = mb_convert_encoding($u, 'UCS-2LE', 'UTF-8');

$position = 0;

$run = strlen($u)/3;

for($i=0; $i<$run; $i++) //bengali char strlen return 3 for one char so div by 3 . Here run the loop for i
{

$k1 = bin2hex(substr($k, $position, 1)); //convert unicode part by part using bin2hex using substr
$k2 = bin2hex(substr($k, $position+1, 1));

$out = $k2.$k1; //combine two sub scring that we use to convert.

echo " ". $out; // out

$position = $position +2; //here we are converting part by part by so we need to increase 2 in every step

}
}
?>

HDD Partitioning in Linux

2007-05-15T18:02:00.002+06:00

Technically, a hard disk should contain either as many as four primary partitions, or one to three primaries along with a single extended partition. Each of these partitions are described by a 16-byte entry in the Partition Table which is located in the Master Boot Record.

src: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_(computing)

Many poeple confused with Linux partitioning system when they are installing Linux for the first time. In linux they see hda1 then hda5 but they are familiar with C:, D: etc

your HDD can be recognize by hda, hdb,hdc,hdd, sda, sdb etc depending on the master, slave and cable position. Here i am describing with hda

A HDD with 4 Primary Partitions

here hda4 is the full extended partion so extended partition start from hda5

generally a windows / most of the PC has this type of partition system.

here hda2 is the full extended partion and hda3 and hda4 are reserved as we can create 2 more primary partitions so extended partition start from hda5

Extended partition generally start from hda5

so if anyone want to install linux in his G: drive then he need to delete the hda8 then create 2 partitions

one swap space (it can be compare with windows virtual memory) ram * 2 (size recomanded) and another root / partition.

Note: I would suggest to create swap first then root / partition and at the last of the HDD sector more then or at least 8 MB free unallocated space. When user need to reinstall windows sometimes it creates problem, if there is no free unallocated space.

Back from JU Open Source Camp - 3

2007-05-13T11:39:00.001+06:00

Just back from Jahangirnagar University

Group Photo

Organizer with Guest

Going to JU Open Source Camp - 3

2007-05-10T17:00:00.000+06:00

Me (salahuddin66), Jamil Ahmed, Suzan, Zaher is starting for Jahangirnagar University to attend the

Open Source Camp - 3
Sponsored by Prime Bank
11th - 12th May 2007
Savar, Bangladesh

Recover GRUB after reinstall windows

2007-05-07T00:04:00.000+06:00

Boot using a Live CD or Installation CD.

mount your linux partition. Chroot, mount /proc and give the grub specific command to overwrite or update the mbr or where you want.

like my Linux root in /dev/hda6

after boot with the Live CD

#mkdir /mnt/lin (create a folder to use as a mount point)
#mount /dev/hda6 /mnt/lin
#chroot /mnt/lin
# mount /proc
#grub-install /dev/hda
or
#update-grub

the update-grub and grub-install command will work of Debian, Ubuntu and Debian based distro. If your are using other distribution. Read their grub policy and command. Here chroot will enable you to access the existing Linux system using the live CD kernel.

note: If you use normal Installation CD to recover grub then you might need to give the path known by the kernel. Like then you may need to use ../disc0/part4/ etc instead of /dev/hda6. You can find the exact path by execution a script called os-prober that generally comes with the installation CD of Debian.

./config.guess: No such file or directory

2007-04-30T22:42:00.000+06:00

today i was trying to compile gaim, I installed autoconf, automake and other necessary libs to compile but it show me

salahuddin@debian:~/Desktop/compile/gaim-1.5.0$ ./configure
checking build system type... /bin/sh: ./config.guess: No such file or directory
configure: error: cannot guess build type; you must specify one

later I found it is a err of automake in my Debian testing

debian:/home/salahuddin/Desktop/compile/gaim-1.5.0# automake --add-missing
configure.ac:5: version mismatch. This is Automake 1.10,
configure.ac:5: but the definition used by this AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE
configure.ac:5: comes from Automake 1.9.5. You should recreate
configure.ac:5: aclocal.m4 with aclocal and run automake again.
configure.ac:38: required file `./config.rpath' not found
configure.ac:3: installing `./config.guess'
src/protocols/gg/Makefile.am:7: compiling `libgg.c' with per-target flags requires `AM_PROG_CC_C_O' in `configure.ac'
Makefile.am: required file `./README' not found
Makefile.am: installing `./COPYING'
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/docklet/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/gevolution/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/gaim-remote/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/gestures/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/perl/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/perl/common/Makefile.PL.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/ssl/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/tcl/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `plugins/ticker/Makefile.in' not found
configure.ac:1201: required file `sounds/Makefile.in' not found
Makefile.am:43: required directory ./plugins does not exist
Makefile.am:43: required directory ./sounds does not exist
debian:/home/salahuddin/Desktop/compile/gaim-1.5.0#

The problem solved & now while i give ./configure

salahuddin@debian:~/Desktop/compile/gaim-1.5.0$ ./configure
checking build system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking host system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking target system type... i686-pc-linux-gnu
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes

My debian package

2007-04-19T17:41:00.000+06:00

My debian package

apollon 1.0.2.1-2 MIGRATED to testing link

c-sig 3.8-11 MIGRATED to testing link

special thanks to my sponsor Matthew Grant

Install Debian GNU/Hurd

2007-04-09T23:43:00.001+06:00

I have installed Debian GNU/Hurd in my PC for testing.

(i am installing in hda1)
#mke2fs -b 4096 -o hurd /dev/hda1
#mount -t ext2 /dev/hda1 /gnu
#cd /gnu
#tar --same-owner -xvjpf ~/gnu.tar.bz2

I add in my /boot/grub/menu.list

title Debian GNU/Hurd
kernel (hd0,0)/boot/gnumach.gz root=device:hd0s1 -s
module (hd0,0)/hurd/ext2fs.static --multiboot-command-line=${kernel-command-line} \
--host-priv-port=${host-port} --device-master-port=${device-port} \
--exec-server-task=${exec-task} -T typed ${root} $(task-create) \
$(task-resume)
module (hd0,0)/lib/ld.so.1 /hurd/exec $(exec-task=task-create)
savedefault

Here Hurd has not yet been configured, it must be started in single user mode. Adding a `-s'.
Assuming that the first drive (i.e. `(hd0)') is the master on the primary controller.

boot into your Hurd system. give "login root"

>login root
# export TERM=mach

to setup packages and hurd
# ./native-install

reboot and edit /boot/grub/menu.list (just remove the -s option) the grub you are using at that time.

title Debian GNU/Hurd
kernel (hd0,0)/boot/gnumach.gz root=device:hd0s1
module (hd0,0)/hurd/ext2fs.static --multiboot-command-line=${kernel-command-line} \
--host-priv-port=${host-port} --device-master-port=${device-port} \
--exec-server-task=${exec-task} -T typed ${root} $(task-create) \
$(task-resume)
module (hd0,0)/lib/ld.so.1 /hurd/exec $(exec-task=task-create)
savedefault

boot the hund again and give the ./native-install again to finish the setup.

GNU Hurd Link
Debian GNU/Hurd install Link
Hurd Live CD Link

Install Compiz in Debian Sid

2007-03-28T01:06:00.000+06:00

#apt-get install compiz compiz-gnome compiz-gtk

for the x.org config read more click here

Back From SUST Open Source Camp-1

2007-03-25T23:30:00.000+06:00

Back from SUST Open Source Camp-1

from right Anir bhai, Mak bhai, Munir bhai, Jamil Ahmed, Salahuddin66 (me) , Zaher walking

Going to SUST Open Source Camp-1

2007-03-22T10:30:00.000+06:00

I am going to attend SUST (Shahjalal University of Science and Technology )

Open Source Camp - 1
Sponsored by Rangs Tel
23th - 24th March 2007
Sylhet, Bangladesh

Siemens-Sk65 udev script for GPRS

2007-01-15T23:02:00.000+06:00

When I use GPRS some times my phone move to ttyUSB0 to ttyUSB1 and it disconnect me.

For the details doc: click here

I just add this in my udev.rules

KERNEL=="ttyUSB*", BUS=="usb", SYMLINK+="siemens-sk65"

then in my wvdial.conf

Modem = /dev/siemens-sk65

example:

Jan 16 13:30:29 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 3
Jan 16 13:30:29 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
Jan 16 13:30:29 localhost kernel: pl2303 4-2:1.0: pl2303 converter detected
Jan 16 13:30:29 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: pl2303 converter now attached to ttyUSB0
Jan 16 13:30:52 localhost kernel: CSLIP: code copyright 1989 Regents of the University of California
Jan 16 13:30:52 localhost kernel: PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
Jan 16 13:30:52 localhost pppd[3339]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
Jan 16 13:30:53 localhost pppd[3339]: Using interface ppp0
Jan 16 13:30:53 localhost pppd[3339]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB0
Jan 16 13:30:55 localhost pppd[3339]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jan 16 13:30:55 localhost pppd[3339]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jan 16 13:30:55 localhost kernel: PPP BSD Compression module registered
Jan 16 13:30:55 localhost kernel: PPP Deflate Compression module registered
Jan 16 13:31:25 localhost pppd[3339]: IPCP: timeout sending Config-Requests
Jan 16 13:31:25 localhost pppd[3339]: Connection terminated.
Jan 16 13:31:25 localhost pppd[3339]: Exit.
Jan 16 13:31:33 localhost pppd[3388]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
Jan 16 13:31:33 localhost pppd[3388]: Using interface ppp0
Jan 16 13:31:33 localhost pppd[3388]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB0
Jan 16 13:31:36 localhost pppd[3388]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jan 16 13:31:36 localhost pppd[3388]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jan 16 13:31:39 localhost pppd[3388]: Cannot determine ethernet address for proxy ARP
Jan 16 13:31:39 localhost pppd[3388]: local IP address 10.87.9.211
Jan 16 13:31:39 localhost pppd[3388]: remote IP address 192.168.254.254
Jan 16 13:31:39 localhost pppd[3388]: primary DNS address 192.168.80.66
Jan 16 13:31:39 localhost pppd[3388]: secondary DNS address 202.134.13.3
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost kernel: hub 4-0:1.0: port 2 disabled by hub (EMI?), re-enabling...
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: USB disconnect, address 3
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost kernel: pl2303 4-2:1.0: device disconnected
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost pppd[3388]: Modem hangup
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost pppd[3388]: Connect time 35.9 minutes.
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost pppd[3388]: Sent 283895 bytes, received 1000779 bytes.
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost pppd[3388]: Connection terminated.
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost pppd[3388]: Exit.
Jan 16 14:07:29 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: new full speed USB device using uhci_hcd and address 4
Jan 16 14:07:30 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
Jan 16 14:07:30 localhost kernel: pl2303 4-2:1.0: pl2303 converter detected
Jan 16 14:07:30 localhost kernel: usb 4-2: pl2303 converter now attached to ttyUSB1
Jan 16 14:07:30 localhost kernel: pl2303 ttyUSB0: pl2303 converter now disconnected from ttyUSB0
Jan 16 14:07:41 localhost pppd[3981]: pppd 2.4.4 started by root, uid 0
Jan 16 14:07:41 localhost pppd[3981]: Using interface ppp0
Jan 16 14:07:41 localhost pppd[3981]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/ttyUSB1
Jan 16 14:07:44 localhost pppd[3981]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jan 16 14:07:44 localhost pppd[3981]: CHAP authentication succeeded
Jan 16 14:07:47 localhost pppd[3981]: Cannot determine ethernet address for proxy ARP
Jan 16 14:07:47 localhost pppd[3981]: local IP address 10.87.10.34
Jan 16 14:07:47 localhost pppd[3981]: remote IP address 192.168.254.254
Jan 16 14:07:47 localhost pppd[3981]: primary DNS address 192.168.80.66
Jan 16 14:07:47 localhost pppd[3981]: secondary DNS address 202.134.13.3

Java player and streaming server for Ogg

2007-01-11T15:56:00.000+06:00

wiki news using it. Link

JOrbis is a pure Java Ogg Vorbis decoder.
===========================
JOrbis accepts Ogg Vorbis bitstreams and decodes them to raw PCM. Link

JRoar is a streaming server for Ogg in pure Java
===================================
JRoar casts live Ogg streams to Ogg Vorbis players as IceCast2 does and shouts live Ogg streams to IceCast2 and JRoar. Link

The D Programming Language

2007-01-04T14:40:00.000+06:00

source www.digitalmars.com

dgcc.sourceforge.net
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D_programming_language

chkrootkit and logcheck

2007-01-03T15:24:00.000+06:00

chkrootkit and logcheck mail notification

#apt-get install cron
#crontab /etc/crontab
#apt-get install chkrootkit

write a script 'chkrootkit' and save in /

#/bin/bash
cd /usr/sbin/ && ./chkrootkit 2>&1 | mail -s "chkrootkit output" yourname@xyz.com

#chmod 777 / chkrootkit
#apt-get install logcheck

we edit the /etc/logcheck/logcheck.conf

INTRO=1
REPORTLEVEL="server"
SENDMAILTO="yourname@xyz.com"
FQDN=1
RULEDIR="/etc/logcheck"

then we write a script 'logcheck' and save in /

#/bin/bash
su -s /bin/bash -c "/usr/sbin/logcheck" logcheck

#chmod 777 /logcheck
we add the chkrootkit and logcheck script in the /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root

46 12 * * * /./chkrootkit
46 12 * * * /./logcheck

done :)

Rsync and SSH

2007-01-03T14:43:00.000+06:00

This Rsync and ssh is to automatically backup files from one server to another.

for more doc follow this link

We generate a key

$ ssh-keygen -t dsa -b 2048 -f /home/thisuser/cron/thishost-rsync-key
Generating public/private dsa key pair.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): [press enter here]
Enter same passphrase again: [press enter here]
Your identification has been saved in /home/thisuser/cron/thishost-rsync-key.
Your public key has been saved in /home/thisuser/cron/thishost-rsync-key.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
2e:28:d9:ec:85:21:e7:ff:73:df:2e:07:78:f0:d0:a0 thisuser@thishost

Copy the public key to remove PC

$ scp /home/thisuser/cron/thishost-rsync-key.pub remoteuser@remotehost:/home/remoteuser/

Configuring remotehost

$ ssh remoteuser@remotehost remoteuser@remotehost's password: [type correct password here]

need to make sure we have the directory and files we need to authorize connections with this key

$ if [ ! -d .ssh ]; then mkdir .ssh ; chmod 700 .ssh ; fi
$ mv thishost-rsync-key.pub .ssh/
$ cd .ssh/
$ if [ ! -f authorized_keys ]; then touch authorized_keys ; chmod 600 authorized_keys ; fi
$ cat thishost-rsync-key.pub >> authorized_keys

we edit the 'authorized_keys' file (with vi)

before edit

ssh-dss AAAAB3NzaC1kc3MAAAEBAKYJenaYvMG3nHwWxKwlWLjHb77CT2hXwmC8Ap+ fG8wjlaY/9t4uA+2j2yBgN5cy8arlZ80q1Mcy763RjYGkR/FkLJ611HWIA= thisuser@thishost

we made the following change

from="10.1.1.1",command="/home/remoteuser/cron/validate-rsync" ssh-dss AAAAB3Nza
C1kc3MAAAEBAKYBgN5cy8arlZ80q1Mcy763RjYGkR/FkLJ611HWIA= thisuser@thishost

your can omit the 'from="10.1.1.1",' part of the line (including the comma), then 'rsync' will be possible using this key from anywhere.

create a script /home/remoteuser/cron/validate-rsync

#!/bin/sh

case "$SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND" in
*\&*)
echo "Rejected"
;;
*\(*)
echo "Rejected"
;;
*\{*)
echo "Rejected"
;;
*\;*)
echo "Rejected"
;;
*\<*) echo "Rejected" ;; *\`*) echo "Rejected" ;; rsync\ --server*) $SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND ;; *) echo "Rejected" ;; esac

for test we give

$ rsync -avz -e "ssh -i /home/thisuser/cron/thishost-rsync-key" remoteuser@remotehost:/remote/dir /this/dir/

Cron Script
We save it in /root/rsync
http://salahuddin66.blogspot.com/
#chmod 777 /root/rsync

#!/bin/sh

RSYNC=/usr/bin/rsync
SSH=/usr/bin/ssh
KEY=/home/thisuser/cron/thishost-rsync-key
RUSER=remoteuser
RHOST=remotehost
RPATH=/remote/dir
LPATH=/this/dir/

$RSYNC -az -e "$SSH -i $KEY" $RUSER@$RHOST:$RPATH $LPATH

We add the line in vi /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root or /etc/crontab

0 23 * * * /root/./rsync

done :)

Icecast2 Streaming server

2007-01-03T12:03:00.000+06:00

I have test in Debian testing (Sid)

for more doc www.xiph.org

# apt-get install icecast2

edit /etc/default/icecast2
icecast2
=====
ENABLE=true
=====

start the icecast
/etc/init.d/icecast2 start

edit /etc/icecast2/icecast.xml enable the relay if you want.

There are two types of relays: a "Master server relay" or a "Specific Mountpoint relay." A Master server relay is only supported between icecast2 servers and is used to relays all mountpoints on a remote icecast2 server.

icecast.xml
=======
master-server 127.0.0.1 master-server
master-server-port 8001 master-server-port
master-update-interval 120 master-update-interval
master-password hackme master-password

relays-on-demand 1 relays-on-demand
on-demand 1 on-demand
relay-shoutcast-metadata 1 relay-shoutcast-metadata

example:

relay
server 127.0.0.1 server
port 8001 port
mount /example.ogg mount
local-mount different.ogg local-mount
on-demand 1 on-demand

(if your want to stream the mounted /example.ogg via /different.ogg in server)
========

restart the icecast server
/etc/init.d/icecast2 restart

with your browser
http://localhost:8000/
(user: admin, pass: hackme, by default)

copy a audio.ogg or video.ogg in your "/usr/share/icecast2/web/" and test it with your player.

Ices2 config
(Ogg Vorbis streaming source for Icecast 2)

#apt-get install ices2

cd /usr/share/doc/ices2/examples/

To stream some pre-encoded ogg files

cp /usr/share/doc/ices2/examples/ices-playlist.xml /usr/share/icecast2/web/

edit the /usr/share/icecast2/web/ices-playlist.xml

ices-playlist.xml
==========
hostname localhost hostname
port 8000 port
password hackme password
mount /example1.ogg mount

param name="restart-after-reread" 1 param (optional)
==========
you can hear it via
http://localhost:8000/example1.ogg

if you change it to /example.ogg,
then you can hear it via
http://localhost:8000/example.ogg
or
http://localhost:8000/different.ogg (via the relay)

create a playlist "playlist.txt" in /usr/share/icecast2/web/

playlist.txt
=======
fordername/01-name.ogg
fordername/02-name.ogg
fordername/03-name.ogg
...........................
=======

start the stream
# ices2 ices-playlist.xml

To stream from Input (alsa or oss)

cp /usr/share/doc/ices2/examples/ices-alsa.xml /usr/share/icecast2/web/

edit the /usr/share/icecast2/web/ices-alsa.xml if your need.

ices-alsa.xml
=========
hostname localhost hostname
port 8000 port
password hackme password
mount /example1.ogg mount
===========
you can hear it via
http://localhost:8000/example1.ogg

if you change it to /example.ogg,
then you can hear it via
http://localhost:8000/example.ogg
or
http://localhost:8000/different.ogg (via the relay)

start the live stream
# ices2 ices-alsa.xml

Video Streaming

#apt-get install ffmpeg ffmpeg2theora oggfwd

example:
#ffmpeg2theora output.ogg -x 320 -y 240 -V 150 -A 64 -o - --optimize | oggfwd localhost 8000 hackme /theora.ogg

(if your want to stream the output.ogg via mountpoint /theora.ogg in icecast server)
play http://localhost:8000/theora.ogg

done :)

Quenix project started again

2006-12-18T15:06:00.000+06:00

Yesterday I move to Safura Tower from Stitel for the Quenix project.

From today the project is starting again after being stop about 1 year (8-9 months).

startx.....

Success in Asterisk Clustering

2006-09-10T23:19:00.000+06:00

HA

Provide a high-availability (clustering) solution for Linux which promotes reliability, availability, and serviceability (RAS) through a community development effort.

from: http://asteriskprojects.com/?page_id=4

ha.cf
------------------------------------------------------------
logfacility local0
keepalive 2
deadtime 20
warntime 10
initdead 70
udpport 694
#baud 19200
#serial /dev/ttyS0 # Linux
bcast eth1 # Linux
#ucast eth1 192.168.43.12
auto_failback on
#stonith_host * baytech 10.0.0.3 mylogin mysecretpassword
#stonith_host ken3 rps10 /dev/ttyS1 kathy 0
#stonith_host kathy rps10 /dev/ttyS1 ken3 0

#set kernel "nowayout=0" for that
#watchdog /dev/watchdog
node asterisk1.local asterisk2.local
--------------------------------------------------------------

haresources
--------------------------------------------------------------
asterisk1.local 192.168.22.99/24/eth0 drbddisk::shared Filesystem::/dev/drbd0::/share::ext3 drbdlinks mysqld sendmail asterisk httpd munin-node vsftpd ircd xplhub amportal xinetd
--------------------------------------------------------------

drbd.conf
--------------------------------------------------------------
global {
}

resource "shared" {
protocol C;
incon-degr-cmd "echo '!DRBD! pri on incon-degr' | wall ; sleep 60 ; halt -f";
startup {
wfc-timeout 0; ## Infinite!
degr-wfc-timeout 120; ## 2 minutes.
}
disk {
on-io-error detach;
}
net {
# timeout 60;
# connect-int 10;
# ping-int 10;
# max-buffers 2048;
# max-epoch-size 2048;
}
syncer {
rate 10M;
group 1;
}

on asterisk1.local {
device /dev/drbd0;
disk /dev/sda4;
address 192.168.43.11:7789;
meta-disk internal;
}

on asterisk2.local {
device /dev/drbd0;
disk /dev/hda4;
address 192.168.43.12:7789;
meta-disk internal;
}
}

--------------------------------------------------------------

authkeys
--------------------------------------------------------------
auth 1
1 crc
#2 sha1 HI!
#3 md5 Hello!
--------------------------------------------------------------

Got Gemei X-120 mp4

2006-09-09T23:15:00.000+06:00

Got Gemei X-120 mp4 from my Father as a gift.
:)

Success in OpenNMS

2006-09-03T17:30:00.000+06:00

Today I setup OpenNMS in Debian sarge

/etc/apt/source/list
deb http://debian.opennms.org/ debian/opennms stable

# apt-get install java-common
# apt-get install sun-jdk1.4-installer
# build-sun-jdk14 ./j2sdk-1_4_2_05-linux-i586.bin
# dpkg -i j2sdk-1_4_2_05-linux-i586.deb

java-virtual-machine meta-package
# apt-get install java-virtual-machine

#apt-get install tomcat4 tomcat4-admin tomcat4-webapps

# apt-get install rrdtool
# apt-get install mrtg

/etc/postgresql/postgresql.conf

tcpip_socket = true
shared_buffers = 1024

/etc/postgresql/pg_hba.conf
# TYPE DATABASE USER IP-ADDRESS IP-MASK METHOD
local all all trust
host all all 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 trust
host all all ::1 ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff trust

#apt-get install opennms opennms-common opennms-contrib opennms-db opennms-server opennms-webapp

Search for a JRE (suggested)
#cd /usr/share/opennms/bin
#./runjava -s

Run the Installer to Setup the PostgreSQL Database
#cd /usr/share/opennms/
#install -disU

Run the Installer to Setup the Web Application
#cd /usr/share/opennms/
# ./install -w /var/lib/tomcat4/webapps -W /var/lib/tomcat4/server/lib

edit /usr/share/opennms/etc/discovery-configuration.xml

include-range retries="2" timeout="3000"
begin 192.168.0.1 begin
end 192.168.0.254 end

start or restart

# /etc/init.d/postgres start
# /etc/init.d/tomcat4 start
# /etc/init.d/opennms start

http://opennms_installed_pc_ip:8180/opennms/

The initial user name is "admin" and the password is "admin".
(note: 8180 for debian)
(other Linux http://host:8080/opennms/)

edit capsd-configuration.xml for the service your want to monitor

capsd-configuration.xml
==============
scan="on"

example:
protocol-plugin protocol="Postgres" class-name="org.opennms.netmgt.capsd.TcpPlugin" scan="on" user-defined="false"
==============

your can finish here if u do not want to enable snmp & notification.

Enable SNMP in a server that you want to monitor. Then...

edit datacollection-config.xml to enable more monitoring graph in opennms.

datacollection-config.xml
===============
snmp-collection name="default"
maxVarsPerPdu = "50"
snmpStorageFlag = "all"
rrd step = "300"
===============

edit the snmp-config.xml to track servers with snmp

snmp-config.xml
==========
specific 192.168.25.32 specific
range begin="192.168.25.1" end="192.168.25.254"
==========

edit poller-configuration.xml

poller-configuration.xml
===============
status="on"

example:
service name="SMTP" interval="300000" user-defined="false" status="on"
===============

edit notifd-configuration.xml to enable notification
==============================
status="on"

example:
notifd-configuration
status="on"
pages-sent="SELECT * FROM notifications"
next-notif-id="SELECT nextval('notifynxtid')"
next-group-id="SELECT nextval('notifygrpid')"
==============================

edit javamail-configuration.properties for mail notification

javamail-configuration.properties
====================
# Properties are defined but commented out indicating the default values.
# This property defines system sender account.
#
# The default setting is root@[127.0.0.1]
#org.opennms.core.utils.fromAddress=root@localhost

#
# This property defines SMTP Host.
#
org.opennms.core.utils.mailHost=smtp.xyz.net
org.opennms.core.utils.mailer=smtpsend
org.opennms.core.utils.transport=smtp
org.opennms.core.utils.debug=true
#
# This property defines Mail authentication.
# The default setting is false
#org.opennms.core.utils.authenticate=false
#org.opennms.core.utils.authenticateUser="opennms"
#org.opennms.core.utils.authenticatePassword="opennms"

# This property controls the use of the JMTA, the
# default is true
#org.opennms.core.utils.useJMTA=true
==========================

set the email address via opennms visual configuration to receive emails.

done :)

Wifi in debian

2006-08-31T14:42:00.000+06:00

Today I configure Asus Spacelink WL-167g USB2 adapter in debian sid

"Asus Spacelink WL-167g USB2 adapter" which works with the
rt2570 driver, the sources of which can be downloaded on the RALINK website.
more

#apt-get install rt2570-source
#module-assistant

then it will build the rt2570-modules-2.6.17-2-686 (if u use kernel 2.6.17)

#modprobe rt2570

my /etc/network/interfaces
--------------------------
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp
wireless-essid your_ID
wireless-mode managed
wireless-key your_secret_key
--------------------------

allbn2unicode

2006-07-24T12:06:00.000+06:00

i have started a project called allbn2unicode

#include stdio.h
#include stdlib.h
#include string.h
#include wchar.h
#include locale.h
#include langinfo.h

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
FILE *fp;
FILE *fp2;
wchar_t wr[80];
wchar_t *wca;
wchar_t hex,*hex2;
char str[80],*store;
int i,len;

/* set locale for bangla */
setlocale(LC_ALL, "bn_BD.UTF-8");

store = str;

wca = wr;

if(argc!=3){
printf("name \n");
exit(1);
}

if((fp = fopen(argv[1], "r")) == NULL) {
printf("Cannot open file.\n");
exit(1);
}

fgetws(wca, 100, fp);

/* if(fread(store,sizeof(store),1, fp) !=1) {
printf("Cannot open file.\n");
exit(1);
} */

/* optional for asci file mbstowcs(wca, store,20);*/

fclose(fp);

if((fp2 = fopen(argv[2], "wb")) == NULL) {
printf("Cannot write file.\n");
}

if(wr[0]==0x0985)
{
hex=0x0987;
}
else

hex=0x0985;

fputws(wca,fp2);

fclose(fp2);

return 0;
}

Install Solaris

2006-07-07T18:10:00.000+06:00

Today i install Solaris 10

Cool OS but there was problem in my internet config

my this config was oky
/etc/hosts
/etc/defaultgateway

there was a little problem in
(i have no resolv.conf)
/etc/resolv.conf
(later i add nameserver)

and

cp /etc/nsswitch.dns /etc/nsswitch.conf

for restart network
/etc/init.d/inetsvc stop
/etc/init.d/inetsvc start

source: http://www.computing.net/solaris/wwwboard/forum/4219.html

Later i add debian in /etc/grub/menu.list

title Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.8-2-386
root (hd0,7)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.8-2-386 root=/dev/hda8 ro
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.8-2-386
savedefault
boot

to boot my debian

my frist ACM solve

2006-05-01T23:58:00.000+06:00

problem 100

#include stdio.h

int calc (unsigned long int i, unsigned long int j, unsigned long int f);

int
main (void)
{
unsigned long int i, j, f;
while(scanf ("%lu", &i)==1)
{
if (!(0 < i && i < 1000000))
{
scanf ("%lu", &i);
}
scanf ("%lu", &j);
if (!(0 < j && j < 1000000)) {
scanf ("%lu", &j);
}
printf ("%lu\t %lu\t", i, j);
if (i > j)
{
f = i - j;
f = f + 1;
}
else
{
f = j - i;
f = f + 1;
}
calc (i, j, f);
}
return 0;
}

int calc (unsigned long int i, unsigned long int j, unsigned long int f)

{
unsigned long int m, k = 1, n = 0;
unsigned long int l[f];
unsigned long int p;

if (i > j)
{
p = i - j;
p = p + 1;
for (; j <= i; j++)
{
for (m = j; m > 1;)
{
if (m % 2 == 0)
m = m / 2;
else
m = 3 * m + 1;
k = k + 1;
}
l[n] = k;
n = n + 1;
k = 1;
}
}
else
{
p = j - i;
p = p + 1;
for (; i <= j; i++)
{
for (m = i; m > 1;)
{
if (m % 2 == 0)
m = m / 2;
else
m = 3 * m + 1;
k = k + 1;
}
l[n] = k;
n = n + 1;
k = 1;
}
}
p = p-1;
for (n = 0; n < p; n++)
{
if (l[n] > l[n + 1])
{
l[n + 1] = l[n];
}
}
printf ("%lu\n", l[p]);
}

EDGE/GPRS in Linux

2006-03-26T19:06:00.000+06:00

Today me (salahuddin66) and Lavluda successfully configured GPRS/EDGE in Linux.

Using wvdial

to check your mobile/modem as a modem
-------------------------------
#wvdialconf

it will generate /etc/wvdial.conf file for you.

Grameen Phone
For Grameen Phone your need to add

Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","gpinternet"

here is a sample of my /etc/wvdial.conf (Grameen Phone EDGE/GPRS)
------------------------------------------------------------
[Dialer Defaults]
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","gpinternet"
Modem Type = Analog Modem
ISDN = 0
Phone = *99***1#
Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0
Username = xyz
Password = xyz
Baud = 115200
-----------------------------------------------------------
wvdialconf will generate the modem speed/Baud and /dev/xyz path according to your mobile phone

Aktel, Teletalk
here is a sample of my /etc/wvdial.conf
------------------------------------------------------------
[Dialer Defaults]
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
Modem Type = Analog Modem
ISDN = 0
Phone = *99***1#
Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0
Username = xyz
Password = xyz
Baud = 115200
-----------------------------------------------------------
wvdialconf will generate the modem speed/Baud and /dev/xyz path according to your mobile phone

Start
To start type wvdial in shell

Note:
If you have problem while generating wvdial.conf file in /etc/wvdial.conf then delete the old config file /etc/wvdial.conf and give wvdialconf to create a new configuraton file.

if you have any problem to find the /dev path for your mobile/modem, give

# tail -f /var/log/syslog

Then connect the phone/modem.
You can also use gnome-ppp or other ppp tools to connect.

Using gnome-ppp

Give phone number *99***1#

click on the detect. it will try to detect your phone/modem.
note: If it fails then give your /dev path manually. Search for you modem using #tail -f /var/log/syslog then connect the phone/modem.

it found my phone/modem in /dev/ttyUSB0

click Init Strings.
for Aktel, Teletalk and others (you do not need to change anything)

click Init Strings.
add Init3 only if you are using Grameen Phone EDGE/GPRS (only for GP)

after click connect

connected

details view

Note: If you face any problem using this as user. Run gnome-ppp as root
or check you are a member of dip group.

In Debian or Ubuntu based distro give #adduser your_user_name dip if your are not a member.

Bought Siemens SK65

2006-03-24T23:00:00.000+06:00

Today i have bought Siemens SK65

from Basundhara City. With Niripiti and ZBZ.

New Office

2006-03-02T00:15:00.000+06:00

Today we The Quenix Development Team move to our new office in Stitle in Bashoti Building from Safura Tower

all2theora

2006-02-28T01:18:00.000+06:00

here is my all2theora script

(Thanks to my friend Zaher for fixing the Divx problem "-vf harddup")
(based on Florian Schilhabel dvd2divx script Licence: GPL)

#!/usr/bin/perl

use Getopt::Long;

GetOptions( "help" => \$help,
"i=s" => \$input,
"divx=s" => \$divx, );

if ($help) {
print "Welcome to the ALL2theora Helper Script\n";
print "\n";
print "this script encodes a all file to theora\n";
print "Usage:\n";
print "--help show this text\n";
print " this will only be possible if you are root\n";
print "--i Specify the Name of your Video file\n";
exit;
}

if ($input eq "") {
print "No Input file selected - You must specify one with: --i filename.\n";
print "\n";
print "this script encodes a all file to theora\n";
print "Usage:\n";
print "--help show this text\n";
print " this will only be possible if you are root\n";
print "--i Specify the Name of your Video file\n";
exit;
}

if ($divx eq "on") {

system ("mkfifo stream.yuv && chmod 777 stream.yuv && mencoder $input -ovc lavc -oac copy -o tmp.avi -lavcopts vcodec=mpeg1video:vbitrate=1200 -vf harddup -of mpeg && mplayer -vc dummy -vo null -ao pcm:file=stream.wav tmp.avi && encoder_example stream.wav stream.yuv > theora.ogg | mplayer -ao null -nosound -vo yuv4mpeg tmp.avi - 1>/dev/tty7 8>/dev/tty7 && rm stream.yuv && rm stream.wav && rm tmp.avi");
exit;
}

if ($divx eq "off") {
system ("mkfifo stream.yuv && chmod 777 stream.yuv && mplayer -vc dummy -vo null -ao pcm:file=stream.wav $input && encoder_example stream.wav stream.yuv > theora.ogg | mplayer -ao null -nosound -vo yuv4mpeg $input - 1>/dev/tty7 8>/dev/tty7 && rm stream.yuv && rm stream.wav");
exit;
}

if ($divx eq "") {
system ("mkfifo stream.yuv && chmod 777 stream.yuv && mplayer -vc dummy -vo null -ao pcm:file=stream.wav $input && encoder_example stream.wav stream.yuv > theora.ogg | mplayer -ao null -nosound -vo yuv4mpeg $input - 1>/dev/tty7 8>/dev/tty7 && rm stream.yuv && rm stream.wav");
exit;
}

print "Video Filename: $input\n";
print "working...\n";

exit;

Licence: GPL

Wallpaper for Music

2006-02-28T00:56:00.000+06:00

Music

download it from
deviantart.com
Licence: GPL

Wallpaper for Open Source

2006-02-28T00:49:00.000+06:00

Open Source

i have designed it in a week.

download it from
www.kde-look.org
Licence: GPL

Inspiration to a be a designer

2006-02-28T00:26:00.000+06:00

linux_blue

This wallpaper was my inspiration to a be a designer. I have created it using inkscape.

This was the default wallpaper of OnebaseGo 2.0 Preview1 (www.onebaselinux.org)

download it from
www.kde-look.org
Licence: GPL

booting tty1

2006-02-27T23:33:00.000+06:00

Starting my blog.

I am Salahuddin Pasha (salahuddin66)

myself
I was born in Bogra but i spend my childhood in Chittagong, now living in Dhaka
in Bangladesh

I like Open Source, GNU, FSF, Hurd

now i am
working as a Graphics Designer in Texas Group
a student of American International University Bangladesh AIUB in CSE
working in Ankur Bangla